ABSTRACT
The pandemic of the COVID-19 viral infection in 2020 is accompanied by a massive infection of the world’s population with the great-est involvement of the urban population in the North American (USA) (over 1.788 million cases), South American (Brazil) (over 438 thousand cases), European (Russia) (over 379 thousand cases) and Asian (China) (over 82 thousand cases) continents. Aim of study. Assessment of the available treatment methodologies, physical and psychological rehabilitation in patients (men and women) with a viral infection COVID-19 in 2020, complicated by viral pneumonia, who underwent inpatient treatment in the therapeutic department of CCH No. 15 named after. O.M. Filatov of HD of Moscow. Materials and methods. The data of case histories and clinical and laboratory diagnostics of 185 patients discharged from the hospital in the period from 02.04.20 to 28.05.20 with a diagnosis of «U07.1 Coronavirus infection and acute lung injury» were ana-lyzed. Multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) of the chest was performed using an Aqualion Prime SP tomograph (Canon Medical System, Japan) to assess the pulmonary parenchyma and blood vessels. The indicators of gas exchange and acid-base state of blood were assessed. Results. According to MSCT data of the chest organs in patients, the percentage of severe bilateral pneumonia of the 3rd degree did not exceed 8% in both men and women. At the same time, there were slight gender differences: the maximum number (51.5%) of cases of pneumonia of the 2nd degree of severity was observed in men, and in women — pneumonia of the 1st degree was en-countered with the highest frequency (48.2%). Drugs with antimalarial activity (Plaquenil, hydrochloroquine) were used to treat respiratory infections in patients of working age most often, as well as expectorants and mucolytics. Among women, 73.2% of patients received them, i.e. significantly more than in the group of men (44.7%). Conclusions. Signs of COVID-19 infection complicated by bilateral viral polysegmenary pneumonia, with an approximately equal ratio of mild and moderate lesions, were found in the general population of a therapeutic hospital in more than 60% and in the ab-sence of significant gender differences. Virological methods made it possible to verify the signs of virus infection in more than 65% of patients of working age who were treated with a diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infection. © 2020, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Emergency surgery in the infectious diseases hospital is an urgent problem during the COVID-19 pandemic. Municipal Clinical Hospital No.15 named after O. M. Filatov has been providing emergency surgical care after conversion, from March 27, 2020 until now. The hospital’s medical staff has built up extensive experience: 194 surgical procedures were carried out in April, and 289 surgical procedures were carried out in May 2020. The paper reports the experience of emergency surgery at the stage of conversion to an infectious diseases hospital. Among all hospitalized patients, 482 (5.29%) people had acute surgical pathology requiring emergency surgery. Among patients who underwent urgent surgery, 472 (98%) people had the caused by COVID-19 community-acquired pneumonia of various degrees of severity. The paper discusses some features of acute surgical pathology and complications identified in patients with COVID-19. The surgical care features in the hospital after conversion are proper epidemiological regime implementation, minimization of the number of staff in the operating room, possible minimization of the number and reduction of the duration of surgical procedures. The most important challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic is medical staff safety.