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Introduction: the systematic analysis of the relationships between relevant psychological variables for sports performance and injuries is essential to contribute to their prevention in specific sports. Material and methods: a descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out in the first category women's national softball championship in Cuba. 88 athletes participated with an average chronological age of 22.91 (SD=6.13) and a sports experience of 10.83 years (SD=4.92). A specific questionnaire, the Competitive Sport Anxiety Inventory and the Psychological Inventory of Sport Execution was applied. Descriptive statistics and Kendall's Tau_b nonparametric correlation coefficient was used for data analysis. Results: A high injury load was verified with a low perception of the role of psychological factors in its etiology, as well as a notable occurrence of new injuries with negative emotional repercussions. Negative correlations of self-confidence, negative coping control, visual-imaginative control, positive coping control, and attitude control with history of injuries were obtained. The high anxiety showed significant relationships with previous injuries and new injuries during the analyzed competition. Conclusions: the findings are especially congruent with previous results in elite softball players, although new and greater relationships between variables were determined. All this means that stimulating psychological skills to control anxiety in competition could contribute to the prevention of injuries. However, longitudinal analyzes are required to confirm the predictive role of these variables before proposing psychological interventions in this regard.
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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic started in late 2019 and it is still prevailing. It has become a strain on today's condition. More importantly, it has affected the healthcare utilization behavior of people and it also increased the level of anxiety and stress in parents. When compared to adults children have a healthy respiratory system and an active innate immune system which play an important role. Due to dental treatment nature, procedures produce splatters and aerosols which contain more blood or saliva from patients and carry the risk of high chances of transmission of the virus on a large -scale. Aim: The study aims to evaluate the attitude and perception towards the risk of COVID transmission among parents of children visiting dental OPD in a private dental institution.Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study containing a sample size of 115. A pre -validated questionnaire is prepared and uploaded in Google forms. This standard questionnaire in Google forms has been circulated. At the end of the survey, all the data were collected and tabulated. The frequency and percentage were calculated and the data is being analyzed by using Chi-square analysis. The Chi-square analysis was done by using the IBM SPSS software version 23.Results: The findings indicate that (90.29%) of parents of children visiting dental OPD would take their child to the dental department if their child had a toothache and (89.14%) of parents reported that the various measures are taken in the dental department give them confidence. (22.33%) of parents aged 40-49 reported that the various measures are taken in the dental department give them confidence which is higher compared to the parents aged 30-39 (18.45%). Chi-square analysis was done and the association was found to be statistically significant, p-value: 0.015(p<0.05). Hence statistically significant.Conclusion: In summary, The attitude and perception of parents about COVID-19 in children are good and in further studies, some measures can be taken to treat the emergency treatment patient with low risk.
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PurposeIn the wake of COVID-19 pandemic, public health is associated with the acceptance of vaccination unless it reaches herd immunity level, which is 67%. Nevertheless, citizens have shown hesitancy toward acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination globally. Therefore, this study aims to investigate factors which influence citizen's intention to get COVID-19 vaccination with two well-known theories, namely, protection motivation theory and theory of planned behavior. Aside of direct relationship, the moderating effect of perceived awareness is also tested between attitude and citizens' intention to get COVID-19 vaccine. Design/methodology/approachThe research framework is statistically tested with data set of 215 responses. Data were collected from Pakistani citizens residing in Islamabad, Lahore, Narowal and Burban. For data collection, convenience sampling approach is used. The positivism research paradigm is adopted to design the research framework. Data were estimated with structural equation modeling approach. FindingsResults of the statistical analysis unveiled that collectively perceived severity, vulnerability, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have explained substantial variance R-2 52.9% in measuring citizens' attitude toward acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Likewise, attitude and awareness have explained substantial variance R-2 54.6% in measuring citizens' intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Moreover, results have shown substantial Stone-Geisser Q(2) value to predict citizens' attitude and intention to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Practical implicationsIn term of theoretical contributions, this study has combined two well-known theories, namely, protection motivation theory and theory of planned behavior, to investigate citizens' attitude and intention to get COVID-19 vaccine. Therefore, practically this study directs that government officials and health-care practitioners should create awareness among citizens about pandemic by highlighting severity and vulnerability of the COVID-19 virus toward health which, in turn, motivate citizens to get COVID-19 vaccine on time. Social implicationsThe ongoing health crisis could be reduced if citizens achieve herd immunity against COVID-19 virus, resulting in long-term welfare of the society. This research has significant social impact on citizen's lives, as it revealed that citizens could be motivated to get COVID-19 vaccination if they get adequate awareness about pandemic, enhance behavioral control and understand severity and vulnerability of the COVID-19 virus. Originality/valueThe current research is valuable, as it unveils factors which encourage citizens to get COVID-19 vaccine. In terms of originality, to the best of the author's knowledge, this study is the first that integrates protection motivation theory and theory of planned behavior toward citizens' intention to get COVID-19 vaccine during pandemic.
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The article discusses a study which showed that vaccine fatigue, or people's inaction on vaccine information due to perceived burden and burnout, has led to a decline in vaccination rates worldwide, and the need to use tailored communications with communities to help increase uptake.
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Why you should read this article: • To learn about some adaptations to practice adopted by a low secure mental health unit during the COVID-19 pandemic • To be aware of interventions used to enable staff to continue to support patients during the COVID-19 pandemic • To appreciate that staff's experience of the adaptations to practice and the well-being support offered to them during the pandemic can be used to inform post-pandemic practice The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly disrupted the work of healthcare professionals in forensic mental health settings, but also prompted them to adopt new ways of working that have benefits and challenges. A low secure mental health unit in the UK adapted its ways of working during the pandemic by providing staff who could work remotely with the necessary equipment. The unit also implemented a stepped psychological response, as recommended by The British Psychological Society, to assist its staff to continue to support patients. This article describes the unit's response to the pandemic and discusses the findings of two evaluations – staff experiences of remote working and of a group relaxation session. The findings could help inform post-pandemic practice in forensic mental health settings.
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Background: The society must routinely practice precautionary measures and precautions to control the spread of Coronavirus, as no vaccines and antiviral treatments are currently available. This study examines non-teaching faculties knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to COVID-19, their relationships and identified the pandemics vulnerable population inorder to provide recommendations for policies and behavioural interventions.Materials and methods: A total of 90 non-teaching staff from a private dental institution participated in this study. A self administered, 12 item questionnaire was circulated among the non-teaching staff. Only completely filled forms were taken into account for analysis by using SPSS software version 23 with Pearson Chi square test method.Results: The final analysis was done using responses from 89 non-teaching faculties. On the whole, knowledge regarding COVID-19 was found to be moderate among these no-teaching staff. Conclusion: This study shows a baseline knowledge regarding this pandemic. Even though the participants had fair knowledge, their attitude towards answering the questions was good.
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The article discusses the significance of telework for workers with disabilities. Topics discussed include increased open-mindedness about granting part-time or full-time telework as a reasonable accommodation, reasonable accommodations under the Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and work environment or hiring process to create equality for someone with a disability.
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The paper presents the results of the study on development and standardization of the "COVID-19 Vaccine Attitude Scale" (COVID- 19 VAS) questionnaire. The study sample includes N = 1965 undergraduate, specialist and master students, of which N = 1592 (81%) are women and N = 373 (19%) are men aged 16 to 60 years, mean age M = 24.7, SD = 8.4, Me = 21.0. Study was conducted at Moscow State University of Psychology & Education (MSUPE). The questionnaire structure includes 5 scales identified by the method of exploratory factor analysis: Scale 1 "The benefits of vaccination against COVID-19 for an individual and society", Scale 2 "Fear of incidental effects of vaccination against COVID-19 and distrust of information about the vaccination safety", Scale 3 "Denial of the danger of coronavirus and hope for natural immunity", Scale 4 "Confidence in the serious negative consequences of the coronavirus vaccine" and Scale 5 "Disbelief in the proven international level effectiveness of Russian vaccines". The construct validity of the questionnaire was statistically proved. Confirmatory factor analysis verified satisfactory goodness-of-fit between the empirical data and the questionnaire structure. The scales are moderately intercorrelated, and the directions of the correlations correspond to the expected ones. The high internal reliability of all scales is statistically confirmed with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Satisfactory convergent validity of the corresponding scales of the "COVID-19 Vaccine Attitude Scale (COVID-19 VAS)" with natural science literacy, intelligence and fear of COVID-19 disease is also confirmed. All correlations are weak, but theoretically expected and explainable. The differential validity is statistically proved. Stanines are calculated. The COVID-19 VAS can be recommended for preparation, realization and evaluation of the effectiveness of educational activities on vaccine prevention against COVID-19 among university students.
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Research on the reasons for vaccine hesitancy has largely focused on factors directly related to vaccines. In contrast, the present study focused on cognitive factors that are not conceptually related to vaccines but that have been linked to other epistemically suspect beliefs such as conspiracy theories and belief in fake news. This survey was conducted before the Covid-19 pandemic (N = 356). The results showed that anti-vaccination attitudes decreased slightly with cognitive abilities and analytic thinking styles, and strongly with scientific literacy. In addition, anti-vaccination attitudes increased slightly with teleological bias and strongly with an intuitive thinking style, ontological biases, and religious and paranormal beliefs. The results suggest that the same cognitive mechanisms that predispose to other epistemically suspect beliefs may predispose to anti-vaccination attitudes as well. The findings also indicate that pro-vaccination communication should focus on early prevention and that interventions against vaccine hesitancy should strive to be intuitively appealing. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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The article deals with the problem of personal reaction to the danger of COVID-19 virus infection and its influence on social processes. Based on the results, the survey proposes the answers to the central questions of public health services development: what is the correlation between the trust of citizens in a national healthcare system, the government's decision, and the effectiveness of lockdown measures taken to stop the coronavirus spreading with reference of Ukraine and India. This research analyses focus on personal and social attitude towards the immediate danger and the ways how different cultural environments react to the new factors of development and risk in general. It proves that personal and social responsibility is directly connected with a level of trust in the national healthcare system and government decisions. Indian and Ukrainian societies before a face of equal danger and experiencing similar personal emotions show the different social behaviour due to the opposite attitude to national healthcare policy and different social and personal evaluations of the government response. The comparison of the answers of Indian and Ukrainian respondents showed a higher level of passive social reaction and obedience in the Indian group and the lower level of obedience and a higher level of active-controlled and uncontrolled reaction in the Ukrainian group. The research paper proposes some conclusions and recommendations about effective social management of personal and public healthcare challenges. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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Background: There is growing interest in parent-delivered interventions (PDI) for children with autism. Treatment fidelity has been associated with child outcomes in PDI but little is known about what impacts fidelity. One factor not previously examined is parents' resolution to the autism diagnosis which involves adjusting expectations about the child and sensitively responding to their cues, strengths and needs. Relatively little is known about resolution in the context of autism but there is evidence of an association between resolution and parent wellbeing. Method: The study adopted a mixed methods approach to examine whether there is an association between PDI fidelity and parent resolution to diagnosis, and whether resolution is associated with parent wellbeing. Parents of 31 preschool children diagnosed with autism who attended up to 12 Parent-delivered Early Start Denver Model (P-ESDM) coaching sessions participated in the study. A thematic analysis of parent interviews was also undertaken to identify themes raised by resolved and unresolved parents in interviews. Results: There was no difference in overall mean fidelity scores between resolved and unresolved parents. Those classified as resolved had lower depression scores and parenting stress scores than parents classified as unresolved. The qualitative analysis revealed that parents' perceptions of their child's progress and their hopes for the future appeared to distinguish resolved and unresolved parents. Conclusions: Findings suggest that parent wellbeing and child progress may predict resolution which was not related to parent treatment fidelity in this study. Parent wellbeing and resolution status should be assessed at entry to PDI.
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Purpose: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview on positive drivers and negative factors connected to the Covid-19 pandemic which can jointly shape wine tourism intentions. Design/methodology/approach: The present study relies on a large sample of 399 US wine tourists. Partial least square structural equation modelling is adopted for data analysis. Findings: Results reveal that willingness to avoid Covid risk while travelling negatively impacts wine tourism intentions and competitively mediates the effect of Covid phobia. Both situational and personal involvement with wine are key antecedents of future wine tourism intentions. Research limitations/implications: This research contributes to understand the role of willingness to avoid travel-related risks during health crises. Furthermore, it improves existing knowledge on the effect of wine involvement on wine tourism intentions, highlighting the predictive relevance of situational involvement in explaining this relationship. Practical implications: Results constitute critical information to practitioners and destination management operators for improving their resilience under similar circumstances. Updated information on wine tourists' profile is also provided. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is among the first studies exploring how positive and negative drivers act synergically in affecting wine tourism intentions after the Covid-19 outbreak. © 2023, Giulia Gastaldello, Nadia Streletskaya and Luca Rossetto.
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The impact of climate change has been evidenced in several tourist destinations, and triggered concerns on the destination development. Low-carbon tourism has become a national, if not, global agenda that can be used to mitigate the climate change impact caused by the tourist destinations. To respond to this timely agenda and the United Nation World Tourism Organisation's (UNWTO) callout, this study establishes and verifies important components and attributes of low-Carbon destinations, particularly on island destination, which are still unexamined in the literature. Taking on the perspective of tourists, this study is driven by Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) theory which is a consolidative theoretical framework that integrates environmental input (external), emotional status (internal) and behavioural responses to explain actual behaviours of low-carbon tourists. Integrated generalised structured component analysis (IGSCA) and multigroup analysis were performed on 1808 travellers who posed different degrees of psychological fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. During COVID-19, health and safety risks have become a critical concern;therefore, this study further explores the moderating effect of risk from the perspective of the low- and high-perceived risk travellers, before identifying the attitude-behaviour gaps of these two groups. The study provides theoretical insights into low-carbon tourism experience at the island destinations and offers useful managerial implications on low-carbon destination development. © 2022 ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has strongly reaffirmed the critical importance of labor migration to the global economy, even as it has raised questions about the temporary migration programs responsible for much of this migration. In the Arab Gulf states–home to some of the world's highest proportions of migrants–the pandemic has highlighted critical structural weaknesses in the region's kafāla migration regimes. Drawing on two nationally representative surveys of Qatar's citizens and migrants conducted between October 2020 and June 2021, we argue that the Gulf's temporary migration regimes have shown resilience during the pandemic regarding flexibility, networks, and policies. However, Gulf states have gained this resilience at the expense of migrant workers, which threatens the sustainability of the kafāla in its current form. Nevertheless, we also identify key reforms undertaken in Qatar, which continued during the pandemic, and we find general acceptance of these reforms by citizens and business owners. Additionally, we find that Covid-19 has promoted recognition of the importance of migrant workers in the national labor supply, even if significant steps are still required to reduce migrant vulnerability. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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This paper documents co‐participatory research with children in six primary schools in Ireland during the COVID‐19 pandemic. It explores the use of what we term digital dialogues with diverse groups of children aged 9–10 years as members of Child Research Advisory Groups. The paper conceptualises the digital dialogues as sites of resistance as well as constraint, empowering children to articulate their voices in relation to schooling and the pandemic, whilst mediated by power dynamics—between adults and children, and between children, in the articulation of those voices.
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Against the backdrop of a biogenic threat (coronavirus infection), many people tried to strengthen control over their life, in particular, in eating behavior, or, on the contrary, turned it into uncontrolled autotherapy. To study changes in eating behavior and related lifestyle changes, a compact scaled questionnaire instrument by Indian colleagues was chosen (Kumari et al., 2020). To adapt the questionnaire and diagnose changes in the eating behavior of Russians, an empirical study was performed (827 respondents from 17 to 75 years old) against the backdrop of the second wave of the pandemic (November 2020 - January 2021). The research toolkit also included a modified (short) version of T.A. Nestik's "Attitude to the epidemiological threat", supplemented by the question of attitude to the requirements of self-isolation, and the technique "Time attitudes" by J. Nuttin modified by K. Muzdybaev. The results of the study allowed us to confirm the construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire on changes in eating behavior during the pandemic, as well as to identify the optimal (health, immunity, performance) and non-optimal behavioral strategies. In addition, it was shown that respondents with a behavioral strategy that has changed in favor of a healthy lifestyle have a more positive attitude towards their past and future, and a more meaningful attitude towards the present. They approach the demands of self-isolation more positively and more constructively, in particular by trying to reduce the threats of the situation at the level of eating behavior, which, in turn, contributes to their greater emotional stability.
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We used a longitudinal design to examine factors associated with Canadians' (1) early adoption of maskwearing and (2) attitudes toward mask mandates before mandatory mask mandates were issued. In May 2020, 1,712 Canadians began a 28-day daily diary study tracking their experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the associations between people's political affiliation, psychological reactance, pre-existing risk factors, attitudes about the pandemic's severity, attitudes about mask mandates, and public mask-wearing frequency. Growth curve analyses indicated that, over time, Canadians' mask-wearing frequency and attitudes supporting mask mandates both increased. Those who perceived the pandemic as more serious had higher initial levels of both positive attitudes about mask mandates and mask-wearing frequency. Political affiliation was an important predictor of mask mandate attitudes, but only after May 20th, 2020: The first day Prime Minister Trudeau and Teresa Tam publicly stated they would be wearing masks in public. Subsequently, more liberally leaning participants reported more positive attitudes toward mask mandates compared to those with more conservative political views. These findings suggest the importance of cohesive, non-partisan messaging during a public health crisis to avoid political fractures in the uptake of recommended health behaviours. We provide recommendations for public health messengers toward improving voluntary compliance with public health measures, both during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
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The COVID-19 pandemic changed behaviors, at least temporarily, and possibly more permanently, with implications for both work and leisure activities. Some of those behavioral changes, such as dining in restaurants, have significant ripple effects on businesses and employment. We investigate the response to health risks in China with a study of decisions about eating out during the pandemic. We find that compared to a traditional measure of financial risk attitude, dining out behavior better captures individuals' attitude toward the health risk posed by the pandemic and is more significant in predicting their expected total consumption during the recovery phase of the pandemic. In addition, we find that the effect of domestic in-migration is positive with respect to dining out, a signifier of confidence in the government response to the safety of internal flows. In contrast, international migration and port city of entry status are strongly negative with respect to dining out. The risk from the virus is perceived to be much stronger in such contexts. From a policy perspective establishing border controls was critical in re-creating a robust economy. Additional city and household level characteristics that affect dining-out behavior are also identified. © The Author(s) 2022.