ABSTRACT
Supply chains lack global resilience and break down in the face of multi-country disruptions due to crises. The impact of Supply Chain Disruptions (SCD) has become all too familiar across the world: shortages, inflation, factory closures, goods waiting at ports to be unloaded, etc. They weaken macroeconomic indicators, hamper economic growth, and impact national security. Over the past five years, the world has seen many crises that have rattled global markets, beginning with the US-China trade war in 2018. This was followed by the Covid19 pandemic, the blockage of the Suez Canal, environmental issues, and the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war. The combination of these events has abruptly frozen global economic activities by restricting and hindering the Global Supply Chain Networks (GSCN). This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the causes of these disruptions and their widespread global economic consequences.
ABSTRACT
The global COVID-19 pandemic was the latest instance of a crisis of pleasure. Crises of pleasure are periodic eruptions of discontent when consumption is disrupted by external forces. In this case, the pandemic also disrupted expressions of identity on social media, where identity is made legible through conspicuous consumption on social media in the early 2020s. Drawing from six qualitative focus group interviews conducted in the summer of 2020, we analyze how social media users interpret the accounts they follow posting content that seemingly violates social distancing guidelines during COVID-19. We find that consumption during the pandemic was highly contested and surveilled, with participants describing the disciplining power of social media and their use of news and public health guidelines to inform their identities. Both trends illustrate how surveilled modes of consumption characterize the post-lockdown consumption reality, which is polarized and partisan leading towards hedonist and puritanical models.
ABSTRACT
Due the closure of borders and the pandemic of the COVID-19 coronavirus infection, Crimea has become one of the main recreation areas for domestic consumers. Currently the Ministry of Resorts and Tourism of the Republic of Crimea has allocated 4 tourist regions of the peninsula: Crimean foothills, resorts of the eastern Crimea, resorts of the western Crimea, southern coast of the Crimea. However, tourist flows among these areas are distributed extremely unevenly, as a result of which some locations receive less profit from the sale of their services, which slows down the development of the tourist and recreational sphere of the Republic of Crimea. To determine the emotional perception of tourist areas, identify the most attractive areas and factors that affect the emotional state when watching videos of tourist objects, an experiment was conducted using the EmoDetect program. This resource allows you to determine the psychoemotional state of a person from a selection of images (video or a set of files). The calculation of motor units and their classification took place according to the P. Ekman facial movement coding system. The respondents became the students of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University aged 18–21 years and counted 50 people. The experiment took place in several stages. At the first stage, the dominant emotions of respondents in relation to the tourist areas of the Crimea were identified, and at the second stage, gender emotional asymmetry to the studied areas was determined. During the experiment, it was revealed that women experience the emotion “happiness†to a greater extent when watching a video of the southern coast of the Crimea, while this indicator corresponds to the Crimean foothills for men;the indicator “anger†is more pronounced in men than in women;men are less susceptible to tourist advertising messages than women.Alternate : Из-за Ð·Ð°ÐºÑ€Ñ‹Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ†, в ÑвÑзи Ñ Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ коронавируÑной инфекции COVID-19, Крым Ñтал одной из оÑновных зон отдыха Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ñ‚ÐµÑ‡ÐµÑтвенного потребителÑ. Ðа ÑегоднÑшний день МиниÑтерÑтвом курортов и туризма РеÑпублики Крым выделено четыре туриÑтичеÑких региона полуоÑтрова: КрымÑкое предгорье, курорты ВоÑточного Крыма, курорты Западного Крыма, Южный берег Крыма. Однако туриÑтичеÑкие потоки Ñреди указанных районов раÑпределены крайне неравномерно, вÑледÑтвие чего чаÑть локаций недополучает прибыль от реали-зации Ñвоих уÑлуг, что тормозит развитие туриÑÑ‚Ñко-рекреационной Ñферы РеÑпублики Крым. Ð”Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñмоционального воÑприÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñ‚ÑƒÑ€Ð¸ÑтичеÑких районов, выÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ привлекательных районов и факторов, влиÑющих на Ñмоциональное ÑоÑтоÑние при проÑмотре роликов туриÑтичеÑких объектов, был проведен ÑкÑперимент при помощи программы EmoDetect. Данный реÑÑƒÑ€Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñет определÑть пÑихоÑмоциональное ÑоÑтоÑние человека по выборке изображений (видео или набор файлов). РаÑчет двигательных единиц и их клаÑÑÐ¸Ñ„Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¸Ñходил по ÑиÑтеме ÐºÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñ†ÐµÐ²Ñ‹Ñ… движений П. Ðкмана. Ð’ качеÑтве реÑпондентов выÑтупили обучающиеÑÑ ÐšÑ€Ñ‹Ð¼Ñкого федерального универÑитета им. Ð’.И. ВернаРÑкого в возраÑте 18–21 год в количеÑтве 50 человек. ÐкÑперимент проходил в неÑколько Ñтапов. Ðа первом Ñтапе были выÑвлены доминирующие Ñмоции реÑпондентов по отношению к туриÑтичеÑким районам Крыма, а на втором определена Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð´ÐµÑ€Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ñ€Ð¸Ñ Ðº иÑÑледуемым районам. Ð’ ходе ÑкÑперимента было выÑвлено, что женщины в большей мере иÑпытывают Ñмоцию «ÑчаÑтье» при проÑмотре ролика Южного берега Крыма, в то Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº у мужчин данный показатель ÑоответÑтвует крымÑкому предгорью;показатель «злоÑть» у мужчин более выражен, чем у женщин;мужчины менее воÑприимчивы к туриÑтичеÑким рекламным ÑообщениÑм, чем женщины.
ABSTRACT
The sugar industry plays an important role in the Russian economy and the southern Russian regions are the main producers of sugar in Russia (the Southern Federal District ranks the second in the production of white sugar). The specificity of sugar production is expressed in its high dependence on producers of beet raw materials, as well as in the presence of a significant amount of various types of waste, faces many problems of sustainable development in the sugar industry. The purpose of this article is to identify strategic factors for the sustainable development of sugar production, taking into account the challenges and threats of the new reality. In the study of strategic factors of sustainable development of the sugar industry, the authors identify demand factors and supply factors, as well as risk factors and stress factors. It is proved that the main threat to the sustainable development of the sugar industry is currently expressed in the risks of breaking supply chains in the conditions of the crisis caused by Coronavirus. This study focuses on the risk of stability reduction of the supply of beet raw materials. This risk is directly connected with the level of development of beet production in the region. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that a decrease in the cultivated areas of sugar beet in the Southern Federal District is a stressful factor in the development of sugar industry. To solve this problem, state subsidies are proposed for projects for the development of abandoned agricultural land for beet cultivation. The solution of the problems of environmental sustainability growth of sugar production is associated with the circular economy models. It is concluded that the strategic factors of sustainable development of sugar industry in the South of Russia are directly connected with technological innovations in the agro-industrial sphere of the region, the implementation of which is largely determined by the level of state support for the industry.Alternate : Ð¡Ð°Ñ…Ð°Ñ€Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ñ‹ÑˆÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ñть играет важную роль в роÑÑийÑкой Ñкономике, а южнороÑÑийÑкие регионы ÑвлÑÑŽÑ‚ÑÑ Ð¾Ñновными производителÑми Ñахара в РоÑÑии (ЮФО занимает 2-е меÑто по производÑтву белого Ñахара). Специфика Ñахарного производÑтва, выражающаÑÑÑ Ð² его выÑокой завиÑимоÑти от производителей Ñвекловичного ÑÑ‹Ñ€ÑŒÑ Ð¸ наличии значительного количеÑтва различного вида отходов, ÑталкиваетÑÑ Ñо множеÑтвом проблем обеÑÐ¿ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑƒÑтойчивого развитиÑ. Цель данной Ñтатьи ÑоÑтоит в выÑвлении ÑтратегичеÑких факторов уÑтойчивого Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñахарного производÑтва, ÑƒÑ‡Ð¸Ñ‚Ñ‹Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹ и угрозы новой реальноÑти. Ð’ иÑÑледовании ÑтратегичеÑких факторов уÑтойчивого Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñахарной промышленноÑти авторы выделÑÑŽÑ‚ факторы ÑпроÑа и факторы предложениÑ, а также факторы риÑка и ÑтреÑÑовые факторы. ОбоÑновываетÑÑ, что оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑƒÐ³Ñ€Ð¾Ð·Ð° уÑтойчивому развитию Ñахарной промышленноÑти в наÑтоÑщее Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²Ñ‹Ñ€Ð°Ð¶Ð°ÐµÑ‚ÑÑ Ð² риÑках разрыва цепочек поÑтавок в уÑловиÑÑ… коронакризиÑа. СоответÑтвенно, в данном иÑÑледовании оÑновное внимание уделÑетÑÑ Ñ€Ð¸Ñку ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑтабильноÑти поÑтавок Ñвекловичного ÑырьÑ, непоÑредÑтвенно ÑвÑзанному Ñ ÑƒÑ€Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ¼ €Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñвекловичного производÑтва в регионе. Ð’ результате анализа выÑвлено, что уменьшение поÑевных площадей Ñахарной Ñвеклы в ЮФО ÑвлÑетÑÑ ÑтреÑÑовым фактором Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñахарной промышленноÑти. Ð”Ð»Ñ Ñ€ÐµÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ проблемы предлагаетÑÑ Ð³Ð¾ÑударÑтвенное ÑубÑидирование проектов оÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ñ€Ð¾ÑˆÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… ÑельÑкохозÑйÑтвенных угодий под выращивание Ñвеклы. Решение проблем Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹ÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑкологичеÑкой уÑтойчивоÑти Ñахарного производÑтва возможно на оÑнове реализации моделей циркулÑрной Ñкономики. Сделан вывод о том, что ÑтратегичеÑкие факторы уÑтойчивого Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñахарной промышленноÑти на Юге РоÑÑии непоÑредÑтвенно ÑвÑзаны Ñ Ñ‚ÐµÑ…Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑкими инновациÑми в ÐПК региона, Ñ€ÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹Ñ… во многом определÑетÑÑ ÑƒÑ€Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ¼ гоÑударÑтвенной поддержки отраÑли.
ABSTRACT
The article presents efficiency assessment of sustainable development measures in the region in the face of uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The economic crisis caused by the pandemic is one of the most serious in recent decades. Its global nature is due to the scale of economic and social losses, aggravation of production problems for many industries and enterprises. Like other regions of the Russian Federation, Volgograd region has repeatedly faced crises since the early 2000s, and each of them has become a new challenge for the regional administration system in terms of its ability to develop and take timely measures to overcome negative consequences. In the article, a number of indicators were analyzed for three consequent periods. The first one is 2019 in comparison with 2018. The second period is 2020 in comparison with 2019. The third one is the beginning of 2021 and each of them is characterized by the ratio of various factors that influence the behavior of business entities, population of the region, development and use of managerial decisions aimed at sustainable social and economic development of Volgograd region. The recovery from the pandemic crisis became the most important task for regional authorities, which is reflected in the set of measures aimed at support of the economy and social sphere of the region, incomes of the population and businesses. It became necessary for public authorities to improve new rules of work and decision-making mechanisms in order to respond to the current situation in a timely manner. The authors believe that the main factors of success of the measures implemented by regional authorities were their quality, timeliness and degree of compliance with the set goals. Analysis and generalization of management experience during the corona virus crisis allowed us suggesting long-term measures aimed at the sustainable development of Volgograd region.Alternate : Ð’ Ñтатье предÑтавлена оценка ÑффективноÑти мер уÑтойчивого Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð° в уÑловиÑÑ… неопределенноÑти, вызванных пандемией коронавируÑа COVID-19. ÐкономичеÑкий кризиÑ, порожденный пандемией, отноÑитÑÑ Ðº Ñамым Ñерьезным за поÑледние деÑÑтилетиÑ. Его глобальный характер обуÑловлен маÑштабами ÑкономичеÑких и Ñоциальных потерь, уÑугублением проблем производÑтва Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ… отраÑлей и предприÑтий. Как и другие регионы РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации, ВолгоградÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ñть Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ð° 2000-Ñ… неоднократно ÑталкивалаÑÑŒ Ñ ÐºÑ€Ð¸Ð·Ð¸Ñами, и каждый из них ÑтановилÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð¼ вызовом ÑиÑтеме ÑƒÐ¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ на предмет ее ÑпоÑобноÑти к разработке и принÑтию Ñвоевременных мер Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð°Ñ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… поÑледÑтвий. Ð’ рамках данной Ñтатьи проведен анализ Ñ€Ñда показателей по трем периодам: первый – 2019 г. в Ñравнении Ñ 2018 г.;второй период – 2020 г.;третий – начало 2021 г., каждый их которых характеризуетÑÑ Ñоотношением различных факторов, оказывающих влиÑние на поведение Ñубъектов предпринимательÑтва, наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°, на процеÑÑÑ‹ разработки и принÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ ÑƒÐ¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ‡ÐµÑких решений, направленных на обеÑпечение уÑтойчивого Ñоциально-ÑкономичеÑкого Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ð’Ð¾Ð»Ð³Ð¾Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð´Ñкой облаÑти. Выход иРпандемийного кризиÑа Ñтал важнейшей задачей Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… органов управлениÑ, что нашло Ñвое отражение в ÑовокупноÑти мер, направленных на поддержку Ñкономики и Ñоциальной Ñферы региона, доходов наÑелениÑ, Ñубъектов предпринимательÑтва. Возникла необходимоÑть органам публичной влаÑти оÑваивать новые правила работы и механизмы принÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñвоевременного Ñ€ÐµÐ°Ð³Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑложившуюÑÑ Ñитуацию. ПредÑтавлÑетÑÑ, что оÑновными факторами уÑпешноÑти реализуемых региональной влаÑтью мер выÑтупали их качеÑтво, ÑвоевременноÑть и Ñтепень ÑоответÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñтавленным целÑм. Ðнализ и обобщение опыта ÑƒÐ¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² период коронавируÑного кризиÑа позволили предложить меры долгоÑрочного характера, направленные на уÑтойчивое развитие ВолгоградÑкой облаÑти.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus pandemic caused significant damage to the economy of the regions. The comprehension of the impact of pandemic on industrial development of the territory is the goal of many scientific studies. The purpose of this article is to identify trends in the development of certain industrial sectors in the South of Russia and to suggest managerial measures arising from the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was founded on monitoring data from the Federal Service for State Statistics of Russia. The object of the research was the old industrial regions in the South of Russia. During the study, it was determined that at the beginning of the pandemic, the economy of the regions under analysis was characterized by a low potential for innovative development and a low level of return on assets. With a high demand for digital technologies, they have become most widespread in the automation of internal business processes of enterprises. The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on individual sectors of industry turned out to be multidirectional. The most affected industrial sector was oil production. The economic growth was demonstrated by enterprises of agricultural engineering, metallurgy and a number of others. It is shown that the recovery of industrial production is complicated by a low level of development of its material and technical basis;high import dependence of production on components, raw materials, spare parts;high competition from foreign market players;shortage of human capital. It is concluded that industrial ecosystem structures are the drivers of economic growth in the conditions of the pandemic. Management recommendations which are aimed at the development of industrial ecosystems are provided. They are focused on the environmental component of industrial production, development of cooperative business interactions to maintain the sustainability of the supply chain, digitalization of business processes with the simultaneous development of smart competencies of personnel, import substitution production and focus on the domestic market.Alternate : ÐŸÐ°Ð½Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑа нанеÑла ÑущеÑтвенный ущерб Ñкономике регионов. Понимание воздейÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ñ„Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð² пандемии на промышленное развитие территории ÑвлÑетÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ‡ÐµÐ¹ многих академичеÑких иÑÑледований. Цель данной Ñтатьи ÑоÑтоит в выÑвлении тенденций Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð´ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ñекторов промышленноÑти Юга РоÑÑии, а также в формировании управленчеÑких рекомендаций в отношении реализации политики регионального промышленного развитиÑ, вытекающих из оÑновных обÑтоÑтельÑтв и уроков пандемии COVID-19. ИÑÑледование базировалоÑÑŒ на данных мониторинга РоÑÑтата. Объектом иÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ñ‹Ñтупили Ñтаропромышленные регионы Юга РоÑÑии. Ð’ ходе иÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¾ определено, что на начало пандемии Ñкономика южнороÑÑийÑких регионов характеризовалаÑÑŒ низким потенциалом инновационного Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ низким уровнем рентабельноÑти активов. При выÑокой воÑтребованноÑти цифровых технологий наибольшее раÑпроÑтранение они получили в автоматизации внутренних бизнеÑ-процеÑÑов предприÑтиÑ. ВоздейÑтвие коронакризиÑа на отдельные Ñектора промышленноÑти оказалоÑÑŒ разнонаправлено. ÐаиболРе поÑтрадавшим промышленным Ñектором оказалаÑÑŒ нефтедобыча. ÐкономичеÑкий роÑÑ‚ продемонÑтрировали предприÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ ÑельÑкохозÑйÑтвенного машиноÑтроениÑ, металлургии, пищевого производÑтва. Показано, что воÑÑтановительный роÑÑ‚ промышленного производÑтва в южнороÑÑийÑких регионах оÑложнÑетÑÑ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ уровнем Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ материально-техничеÑкого базиÑа;выÑокой импортозавиÑимоÑтью от комплектующих, ÑырьÑ, запчаÑтей;выÑоким уровнем конкуренции Ñо Ñтороны внешних игроков рынка;дефицитом человечеÑкого капитала. Сделан вывод, что драйверами ÑкономичеÑкого роÑта в уÑловиÑÑ… факторов пандемии ÑвлÑÑŽÑ‚ÑÑ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ñ‹ÑˆÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ ÑкоÑиÑтемные Ñтруктуры. Сформулированы управленчеÑкие рекомендации, направленные на формирование промышленных ÑкоÑиÑтем: ориентированноÑть на ÑкологичеÑкую ÑоÑтавлÑющую промышленного производÑтва;развитие кооперативных взаимодейÑтвий бизнеÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑ€Ð¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑƒÑтойчивоÑти цепочки поÑтавок;Ñ†Ð¸Ñ„Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÐµÑ-процеÑÑов Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ развитием smart-компетенций кадров;импортозамещающее производÑтво и ориентациÑна внутренний рынок.
ABSTRACT
J.M. Keynes is the author of the economic model which made it possible to overcome the Great Depression in the United States. The cornerstone of the theory is income. The regulatory measures of J.M. Keynes start from the fact that the behavior of the population in the long and short term is different. Using the data on the income of the population in the regions of Russia before the crisis and during crisis periods (caused by the coronavirus pandemic) of 2018–2020, the authors test a hypothesis connected with the transformation of behavior models. In particular, the issue of changes in the proportions of savings and consumption of the population in the regions of Russia was studied. To confirm the hypothesis defined in the study, the clustering of regions was carried out, which allows us to draw conclusions about the isolation of more homogeneous groups of regions. The identified five clusters allow us to fully determine the main trends of consumer behavior and confirm the hypothesis set in the study. The results obtained allow us to speak about the relevance of the application of J.M. Keynes’ approaches to this crisis situation. It is also important to speak about the possibility of further research of the policy proposed at the moment which deals with the issues facing the global economy. The calculation of the ratio of the marginal and average consumption rate makes it possible to use the tools of the US economic policy of the early 20 th century in the modern social and economic reality. Using this research, the trends were identified and new threats associated with the virtualization of the economy were identified, which can become a kind of a trigger for a new Great Depression. The most important tasks at the moment are a deep fundamental study and description of the patterns of development of regional economic systems of various types and an analysis of the impact of various negative factors and shocks on their dynamics.Alternate : Дж.М. КейнÑа принÑто Ñчитать автором ÑкономичеÑкой модели, позволившей преодолеть Великую депреÑÑию в СШÐ. Краеугольным камнем теории ÑвлÑетÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ñ…Ð¾Ð´. РегулÑционные меры Дж.М. КейнÑа иÑходили из того, что поведение наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² долгоÑрочном и краткоÑрочном периодах отличаетÑÑ. По данным о доходах наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² регионах РоÑÑии докризиÑного и кризиÑного (вызванного пандемией коронавируÑа) периодов 2018–2020 гг. авторы теÑтируют гипотезу, ÑвÑзанную Ñ Ñ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ñформацией моделей поведениÑ. Ð’ чаÑтноÑти, иÑÑледовалÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€Ñ†Ð¸Ð¹ ÑÐ±ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ потреблениÑ, оÑущеÑтвлÑемых наÑелением регионов РоÑÑии. Ð”Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ€Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñтавленной в иÑÑледовании гипотезы проведена клаÑтеризациÑ, позволÑÑŽÑ‰Ð°Ñ Ñделать выводы отноÑительно более однородных групп регионов. Выделенные пÑть клаÑтеров позволÑÑŽÑ‚ в полной мере определить оÑновные векторы потребительÑкого Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ подтвердить поÑтавленную в иÑÑледовании гипотезу. Полученные результаты позволÑÑŽÑ‚ говорить об умеÑтноÑти Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ…Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Дж.М. КейнÑа к данной кризиÑной Ñитуации, а также о возможноÑти дальнейшего иÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ¸, предлагаемой в наÑтоÑщий момент, Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñ€ÐµÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð¾ ¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñов, ÑтоÑщих перед мировой Ñкономикой. Определение ÑÐ¾Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ð¾ÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ и Ñредней нормы Ð¿Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ‚ возможноÑть имплементации инÑтрументов ÑкономичеÑкой политики СШРначала ХХ в. в Ñовременную Ñоциально-ÑкономичеÑкую реальноÑть. Ðа оÑнове проведенного иÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ определены тренды и выÑвлены новые угрозы, ÑвÑзанные Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€Ñ‚ÑƒÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ Ñкономики, которые могут Ñтать Ñвоеобразным триггером новой Великой депреÑÑии. Важнейшими задачами в наÑтоÑщий момент нам видÑÑ‚ÑÑ Ð³Ð»ÑƒÐ±Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ðµ фундаментальное изучение и опиÑание закономерноÑтей Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… ÑкономичеÑких ÑиÑтем различных типов, а также анализ влиÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… негативных факторов и шоков на их динамику.
ABSTRACT
This article examines the impact of the regulator S statement requesting EU insurers to suspend dividend distributions due to the COVID-19 pandemic on share prices of insurance companies. The purpose of the regulation was to maintain a high level of capitalisation of insurance companies, thus allowing them to pay compensation for any damage incurred during the crisis. The statistical significance of the potential negative impact was explored using event study methodology. The empirical results suggest that the negative impact following the statementS release is not statistically significant over the chosen event window. The robustness of the results is confirmed by several statistical tests - parametric and nonparametric. The measure did not result in a fall in share prices in line with economic theory but, rather, contributed to ensuring the financial stability of the European insurance sector, supporting the real economy and consequently allowing quicker economic recovery.
ABSTRACT
Lack of information on the adequacy of fiscal measures undertaken in the COVID19 crisis and its long-term adverse effects on economic growth and labor market outcomes has raised debates about the impact of fiscal austerity and fears of slower recovery from the ongoing economic downturn. This paper analyzes the short and long-term effects ofthe fiscal policy measures undertaken in the COVID19 crisis in the EU-27. For the short-term estimation, we use OkunS law. To examine the long-run effects, we use the concept of potential output using a production function approach. The findings from this paper are that in the short-term, fiscal measures were generally effective. In the long-term, the COVID-19 crisis would have had a negative and permanent effect on the potential GDP growth if the policymakers had undertaken no fiscal measures.
ABSTRACT
The paper evaluates the Croatia 's seven-year membership in the European Union based on selected macroeconomic indicators by using a methodological approach, counterfactual analysis, and a synthetic control method. The results showed that the effect of the accession stimulated the economic growth and components of aggregate demand, income, savings and sectoral productivity. Also, strong disturbances with the onset of the crisis in 2009 were detected, the effects ofwhich ultimately had a negative consequence in terms of more successful economic integration. Accession to the EU halted the dedine in macroeconomic indicators and began a mild, but still insufficient recovery. The research confirms a strong trend of export development after 2013, a strong turn and increase in savings, a strong and significant decline in the value added of the agriculture sector as well as not recovered consumption. Also, the positive effect in the reduction of government expenditures is expressed.