Efficiency of Levilimab in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19.

Objective: evaluation of the clinical and economic efficiency of using Levilimab in the treatment of moderate and severe COVID-19 based on real world data (RWD). Material and methods. A single-center observational retrospective case-control study was performed. According to the matching algorithm, 834 pairs of patients with moderate and 347 pairs with severe infection were selected, similar in gender, age, vaccination status, severity of the disease and the level of C-reactive protein. Results. The clinical efficiency of Levilimab with respect to in-hospital mortality was demonstrated both for the moderate course (6% in the Levilimab group and 10% in the standard therapy group;odds ratio (OR) 1.71;95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-2.47;p<0.01) and for the severe course of COVID-19 (63% and 82%, respectively;OR 2.70;95% CI 1.90-3.82;p<0.01). The costs per 1 treated patient were also higher in the Levilimab therapy groups: the difference in costs compared to the standard therapy group for patients with moderate disease was 54 665.30 rubles, with severe disease - 91 285.85 rubles. The estimated cost of the additional effectiveness of Levilimab for the moderate course of the disease was 13, 666.32 rubles, for the severe course - 4, 804.51 rubles. Conclusion. The use of Levilimab for the treatment of moderate and severe COVID-19 is feasible both from a clinical and economic points of view. Conducting RWD trials is an important tool to understand the effectiveness of medical technologies in real clinical practice.Copyright © 2023 IRBIS LLC. All Rights Reserved.

Performance and economic efficiency analysis of an integrated, outdoor fan-ventilated cooling device.

Recently, the importance of mechanical facilities in charge of the safety and comfort of occupants in buildings has once again been highlighted in accordance with global social issues such as the spread of COVID-19. In response, various ventilation systems are being developed to improve indoor air quality, and efforts are being made to satisfy the indoor comfort of the occupants. Such advanced facilities allow occupants to secure indoor air quality, while frequent ventilation systems can affect the cooling and heating load in the building, and there is also a problem that it can occupy a relatively large amount of space in the building. This study proposes an integrated, outdoor fan-ventilated cooling device and analyzes its performance and economic efficiency. The EnergyPlus simulation program was used to model two types of systems for comparison: an existing (base) model with a condenser located in the outdoor unit, and a developed model with the condenser integrated within the cooling system. The state of the air passing through the condenser was analyzed prior to comparing the efficiency of the integrated, outdoor fan-ventilated cooling device, followed by an in-depth analysis of the performance and economic efficiency based on total energy consumption. In Case 1, the air passing through the cooling system was approximately 5  °C lower than the base model and showed 11% peak load reduction in comparison to the maximum energy consumption. Additionally, a comparison between regions with different outdoor air temperatures showed an average cost reduction of 16% in Daejeon and Busan City.

Potential of CBM as an Energy Vector in Active Mines and Abandoned Mines in Russia and Europe

The energy sector is in the spotlight today for its contribution to global warming and its dependence on global geopolitics. Even though many countries have reduced their use of coal, the COVID-19 crisis, the drop in temperatures in Central Asia, and the war between Russia and Ukraine have shown that coal continues to play an important role in this sector today. As long as we continue to depend energetically on coal, it is necessary to create the basis for the successful extraction and industrial use of coal mine methane (CMM), for example, as an unconventional energy resource. Early degassing technology is a technique that allows for the extraction of the methane contained within the coal seams. The application of this technology would reduce emissions, improve mine safety, and even increase their profitability. However, this technology has been understudied and is still not implemented on a large scale today. Moreover, mines with this technology generally burn the extracted methane in flares, losing a potential unconventional fuel. This study, therefore, presents different scenarios of the use of coalbed methane (CBM), with the aim of generating an impact on pollutant emissions from coal mines. To this end, a model has been designed to evaluate the economic efficiency of degasification. In addition, an emissions analysis was carried out. The results showed that the use of this technology has a negative impact on the economy of mines, which can be completely reversed with the use of CBM as fuel. Furthermore, it is observed that degasification, in addition to reducing the number of accidents in coal mining, reduces emissions by 30–40%. © 2023 by the authors.

Research on The Index System of Laboratory Assets Digitization

Under the influence of the fifth industrial revolution and the outbreak of COVID-19, the digital transformation of enterprises has entered a new stage of rapid development. Digital transformation has become the trend of enterprise operation in the digital economy era. In this context, enterprise laboratory asset operation has also become an important aspect of enterprise digital operation. It is urgent to build a set of enterprise laboratory asset digital evaluation system to assist the implementation of enterprise digital strategy. Based on the characteristics of laboratory assets and the closed-loop theory of asset operation management, this paper analyzes and studies the laboratory asset management, establishes a targeted evaluation index system of digital asset management, focuses on the composition of the digital operation system of laboratory assets, and constructs a management index evaluation system of assets, efficiency, cost and other dimensions, so as to create a real-time, comprehensive and comprehensive evaluation system The closed-loop and full cycle digital management ecological environment realizes the effective integration of laboratory resource fragmentation information and the complete embodiment of digitization, provides service support for continuously improving asset management performance, and provides support for further improving enterprise economic efficiency and operation level. © 2022 SPIE.

Comparative analysis of first and second stage data envelopment approaches: Performance of marine capture fisheries in the European Union

I explored harvest productivity and economic efficiency of marine fisheries across European Union member states using comparative first and second‐stage data envelopment analyses, linear programming, and econometric models, based on a panel data set of technical, social, and economic data between 2008 and 2020 when the first implications of the global Covid‐19 outbreak began in the European Union. During the period, harvest productivity increased for 52 percent of the 21 member states between 2008 and 2020, with an average economic efficiency of 0.76. The economic efficiency and harvest productivity of European Union member states' fisheries fluctuated, with noticeable declines throughout the study period. Gross domestic product per capita, population size, and aquaculture production were related to performance metrics. The results are aimed to guide European Union fisheries managers to better understand how improvements in harvest productivity and economically efficient performance are achieved without constant reliance on subsidization, over‐allocation, and overexploitation. [ FROM AUTHOR]

Research on The Index System of Laboratory Assets Digitization

Under the influence of the fifth industrial revolution and the outbreak of COVID-19, the digital transformation of enterprises has entered a new stage of rapid development. Digital transformation has become the trend of enterprise operation in the digital economy era. In this context, enterprise laboratory asset operation has also become an important aspect of enterprise digital operation. It is urgent to build a set of enterprise laboratory asset digital evaluation system to assist the implementation of enterprise digital strategy. Based on the characteristics of laboratory assets and the closed-loop theory of asset operation management, this paper analyzes and studies the laboratory asset management, establishes a targeted evaluation index system of digital asset management, focuses on the composition of the digital operation system of laboratory assets, and constructs a management index evaluation system of assets, efficiency, cost and other dimensions, so as to create a real-time, comprehensive and comprehensive evaluation system The closed-loop and full cycle digital management ecological environment realizes the effective integration of laboratory resource fragmentation information and the complete embodiment of digitization, provides service support for continuously improving asset management performance, and provides support for further improving enterprise economic efficiency and operation level. © 2022 SPIE.

THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN THE NEW REALITIES: CONSEQUENCES OF THE PANDEMIC, WORLD EXPERIENCE AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

At the present stage of development of the country's economy, within the framework of the global Covid-19 pandemic, the problem of developing and implementing a long-term strategy for the sustainable development of industrial sectors processing industries, one of which is the textile industry, becomes extremely urgent. Light industry plays a special role in the life of the country. The stable operation of textile, clothing, shoe enterprises and factories largely determines the saturation of our domestic market with high-quality products, goods that are not just used daily, but are literally vital, including, as it is now becoming clear in the course of recent weeks and months, necessary to ensure the safety of citizens. To date, all development programs need to be adjusted for possible crises. The presented article is devoted to the assessment of the impact of coronavirus infection on the textile industry in Kazakhstan and abroad. The article considers the main problems and prospects for the development of the textile industry in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The key features of the functioning of the textile industry in the current crisis conditions are determined;the analysis of the world experience of the development of the textile industry in crisis conditions is carried out;the problems of textile enterprises both in Kazakhstan and abroad based on this analysis are formulated. The most promising areas of production, as well as the opportunities and conditions for the development of the industry in the post-pandemic period are determined. © 2022 Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology. All rights reserved.

LEATHER PRODUCTION: THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE PANDEMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS

At the present stage of the country’s economic development, within the framework of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the problem of developing and implementing a long-term strategy for the sustainable development of industrial sectors and processing industries, one of which is the leather industry, becomes extremely urgent. The economic growth and development of the leather industry should be carried out within the framework of a unified strategy for the development of enterprises in various industries, the implementation of interrelated measures at all levels of management, including the management of the national economic complex as a whole, the light and chemical industries, animal husbandry and individual commodity producers. The complex of problems that take place in the state and development of the leather industry, its importance in the country’s economy and the lack of elaboration of the problem of forming and implementing the development strategy of the industry enterprises have determined the relevance of the problem and the choice of research directions. The purpose of the research is to develop and substantiate scientific and practical provisions and recommendations for the formation and implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism of the strategy for the development of enterprises of the leather industry. © 2022 Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of Vascular Access Team Initiatives through in-Depth Interviews: Perspectives from Nine Countries

Introduction: The implementation of vascular access teams (VATs) has been shown to improve patient outcomes and reduce vascular access device-related complications. However, VAT-related research is limited to a European study and single-centered investigations. This research aims to explore the global VAT landscape and examine under-evaluated facets of VAT initiatives. Method(s): Fourteen VAT members and leaders from nine countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Italy, Sweden, UK, USA) were identified through judgment sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted between October 2020 and January 2021. A detailed questionnaire was developed based on a comprehensive literature review to identify under-researched facets regarding VATs, including team composition, responsibilities, formation and recruitment processes, VAT components and co-initiatives, direct/downstream impacts of VAT initiatives, and the collection/dissemination of VAT-related data. Result(s): The most common VAT responsibilities were catheter insertions (n=14) and clinician training (n=12). On a scale from 1 to 7, patient satisfaction (6.5) and institutional costs (6.2) ranked the highest among observed improvements following VAT implementation. All interviewees (n=14) reported using evidence-based protocols and advanced technologies (e.g., ultrasound guidance) in their practices. Although most institutions (n=9) did not collect VAT-related data, all participants (n=14) emphasized the importance of data collection and dissemination to demonstrate VAT initiative impacts. Time constraints (n=8) and challenges to continuous data collection/simplifying data analyses (n=4) were also reported as major deterrents to data circulation. According to most participants (n=9), the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased demands for VAT services. Discussion and conclusion: Respondents from multiple geographies and with diverse backgrounds overwhelmingly endorsed the benefits of VAT initiatives. Based on the insights collected from nine countries, the findings of this study demonstrate that the formation of dedicated VATs, combined with the use of evidence-based practices and advanced technologies, can lead to significant improvements in clinical, economic, efficiency, and patient satisfaction outcomes.

Evaluation and driving factors of land use economic efficiency in China's urban agglomerations under the impact of COVID-19 epidemic.

Land is an indispensable factor of production and the basic support for all social and economic activities. The COVID-19 epidemic has a great impact on China's macro-economy and land market. As a unit with a high concentration of economic entities, urban agglomeration is closely related to its land use economic efficiency. Under the impact of epidemic and the rigid constraints of the relative scarcity of land resources, improving the land use economic efficiency is crucial to the sustainable development of urban agglomerations. Taking the 10 major urban agglomerations in China as a case study, this paper constructs a theoretical and empirical analysis framework for the land use economic efficiency and its driving mechanism of urban agglomerations, and measures the land use economic efficiency of urban agglomerations from the aspects of single factor productivity and total factor productivity. The results show that the COVID-19 epidemic has a great impact on the land market of various cities in China's urban agglomerations. Whether single factor productivity or total factor productivity is used to measure land use economic efficiency of urban agglomerations, the driving effects of industrial agglomeration, industrial structure change, technological progress, and transportation infrastructure are all significant. It is necessary to take a series of measures to reform the market-oriented allocation of land elements, and improve a long-term mechanism for the smooth operation of the land market. It is necessary to improve the land use economic efficiency through a combination of industrial agglomeration, industrial structure adjustment, technological progress, and transportation infrastructure.

Emotionally Attractive Tourist Advertising As a Factor of Economic Growth of the Republic of Crimea

Due the closure of borders and the pandemic of the COVID-19 coronavirus infection, Crimea has become one of the main recreation areas for domestic consumers. Currently the Ministry of Resorts and Tourism of the Republic of Crimea has allocated 4 tourist regions of the peninsula: Crimean foothills, resorts of the eastern Crimea, resorts of the western Crimea, southern coast of the Crimea. However, tourist flows among these areas are distributed extremely unevenly, as a result of which some locations receive less profit from the sale of their services, which slows down the development of the tourist and recreational sphere of the Republic of Crimea. To determine the emotional perception of tourist areas, identify the most attractive areas and factors that affect the emotional state when watching videos of tourist objects, an experiment was conducted using the EmoDetect program. This resource allows you to determine the psychoemotional state of a person from a selection of images (video or a set of files). The calculation of motor units and their classification took place according to the P. Ekman facial movement coding system. The respondents became the students of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University aged 18–21 years and counted 50 people. The experiment took place in several stages. At the first stage, the dominant emotions of respondents in relation to the tourist areas of the Crimea were identified, and at the second stage, gender emotional asymmetry to the studied areas was determined. During the experiment, it was revealed that women experience the emotion “happiness” to a greater extent when watching a video of the southern coast of the Crimea, while this indicator corresponds to the Crimean foothills for men;the indicator “anger” is more pronounced in men than in women;men are less susceptible to tourist advertising messages than women.Alternate : Из-за закрытия границ, в связи с пандемией коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19, Крым стал одной из основных зон отдыха для отечественного потребителя. На сегодняшний день Министерством курортов и туризма Республики Крым выделено четыре туристических региона полуострова: Крымское предгорье, курорты Восточного Крыма, курорты Западного Крыма, Южный берег Крыма. Однако туристические потоки среди указанных районов распределены крайне неравномерно, вследствие чего часть локаций недополучает прибыль от реали-зации своих услуг, что тормозит развитие туристско-рекреационной сферы Республики Крым. Для определения эмоционального восприятия туристических районов, выявления наиболее привлекательных районов и факторов, влияющих на эмоциональное состояние при просмотре роликов туристических объектов, был проведен эксперимент при помощи программы EmoDetect. Данный ресурс позволяет определять психоэмоциональное состояние человека по выборке изображений (видео или набор файлов). Расчет двигательных единиц и их классификация происходил по системе кодирования лицевых движений П. Экмана. В качестве респондентов выступили обучающиеся Крымского федерального университета им. В.И. ВернаРского в возрасте 18–21 год в количестве 50 человек. Эксперимент проходил в несколько этапов. На первом этапе были выявлены доминирующие эмоции респондентов по отношению к туристическим районам Крыма, а на втором определена гендерная эмоциональная асимметрия к исследуемым районам. В ходе эксперимента было выявлено, что женщины в большей мере испытывают эмоцию «счастье» при просмотре ролика Южного берега Крыма, в то время как у мужчин данный показатель соответствует крымскому предгорью;показатель «злость» у мужчин более выражен, чем у женщин;мужчины менее восприимчивы к туристическим рекламным сообщениям, чем женщины.

Pro-Ecological Activities and Shaping the Competitive Advantage of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Aspect of Sustainable Energy Management

Small and medium-sized enterprises around the world play a key role in building economic growth and maintaining environmental sustainability. This strategic role in the economy depends on the possessed competitive advantage, which will increasingly depend on the ecological behavior of SMEs. Therefore, it is justified to undertake research the main goal of which is to identify the pro-ecological activities of SMEs conducive to achieving a competitive advantage. The original empirical research was conducted in 2021 on a sample of 452 small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. The research was based on a questionnaire. The research allowed for the assessment of sustainable energy management by assessing the awareness of entrepreneurs, assessing the pro-ecological activities undertaken, and assessing the impact of pro-ecological activities on shaping the competitive advantages of enterprises in 2015–2020. The surveyed entrepreneurs considered the most important components of the company’s competitive advantage and sustainable energy management to be those investments aimed at achieving a high input–result ratio in a short time. In order to review the pro-ecological activities in Poland against the background of international data, other research results in this area are presented. The cited data confirm the results of the conducted extensive survey research. In the case of many countries and SMEs, environmental awareness is relatively low. Where it occurs, it is not translated into real activities in the field of sustainable energy management in the absence of economic efficiency.

Role of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things in Promoting Banking and Financial Services during COVID-19: Pre and Post Effect

The covid-19 outbreak has triggered an economic crisis and severely affected the global economy. The revolution of AI and the Internet of things (IoT) is helping in reshaping the traditional financial sector by consolidating technology, finance, and economics. This paper highlights how the integration of Artificial intelligence (AI) in IoT is helping in promoting digital financial inclusion during the COVID-19. Through multiple real-life case studies, this article examines the successful implementation of AI and IoT in banking and financial institutions. The paper also explores the advantages and opportunities arising by the use of AI and IoT in the financial sector. A descriptive research approach has been followed to investigate the pre and post effect of COVID-19 and how it is leading towards economic efficiency. © 2021 IEEE.

EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF BRAZILIAN STOCK MARKET INDICES: THE CASE OF COVID-19

This paper studies the efficiency of Brazilian activity sectors. For that, we apply the Macroeconophysics Indicator of Economic Efficiency (MIEE) for each sector’s index of the daily closing price in the stock market. The MIEE quantifies efficiency considering permutation entropy and Fisher Information. We divide the indices time series into two periods: before COVID-19 and during COVID-19. The overall results indicate that efficiency has decreased for the majority of stock market indices, suggesting that the recent crisis has had a deleterious effect on stock efficiency.

Macroeconomic and Social Indicators to Launch the PM-Based VBHC Model in the Healthcare System in Poland.

Global health systems face shortages of resources and, above all, money, with a simultaneous increase in health spending, as well as doubts about their effectiveness. In addition, there is a growing sense of greater achievement of the essential goal of clinical effectiveness. In the face of these problems, many centres are working on a new system of financing healthcare providers, primarily hospitals, which provide the most expensive medical services. In the opinion of the authors, an essential element for the implementation of VBHC is a comprehensive knowledge of hospitals, health care, the economy, public finances and the behaviour of members of society, based on KPIs. The work on these is not well advanced, and it seems that without the knowledge of economic and social determinants, it will not be possible to implement an affective VBHC model. Therefore, in the present article, after presenting the current state of research regarding the VBHC, personalised medicine as a prerequisite for achieving clinical effectiveness, and KPIs as a prerequisite for achieving economic efficiency, the authors focus on economic and sociological KPIs. The knowledge gained from this study is necessary to make effective decisions for the appropriate operation of healthcare as a system, and of hospitals in particular.

The economic and organizational model of the international admission campaign during the covid-19 pandemic (The case of the moscow institute of physics and technology)

Relevance. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, universities all over the world had to deal with a major challenge transition from face-to-face to online learning. It was necessary to make this transition without damaging the quality of education and the transparency of examinations, especially entrance examinations taken by international students. The number of the latter fell significantly because of the pandemic and the competition for overseas students became especially fierce. One of the optimal solutions to the problem of conducting entrance exams during the pandemic was the online proctoring system. Research objective. This research aims to assess the economic efficiency of the online proctoring system by looking at the case of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT). Data and methods. The article compares the most popular online proctoring systems on the market and used by universities in Russia and other country. Furthermore, it analyzes the results of the international admission campaign in 2020 and the economic effect of the in-house proctoring system in comparison with other readymade solutions. Results. The research results showed that the MIPT’s in-house proctoring system is no less efficient than the most popular readymade systems used by the majority of universities in Russia and worldwide, yet the costs of developing and operating the university’s own system are significantly lower. Conclusion. The development of an in-house online proctoring system can increase the economic efficiency of universities in terms of international admission in the forthcoming years. © Oykher, A.D., 2021.

Assessment of green economic efficiency in China using analytical hierarchical process (AHP).

Global health, as well as worldwide development regimes, was seriously threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic and Delta variant outbreaks. In addition to pledging to adapt to and mitigate climate change, experts, economists, and policymakers expressed their determination to do so. Green growth and sustainable development have become the focus of policymakers and governments. The progress toward green economic efficiency (GEE), which will benefit the economy, society, and environment, continues. In terms of green growth and development, implementing environmental regulations and policies has been one of the most challenging aspects of the process. China, the world's second-largest economy, has begun its journey to GEE. Nonetheless, the green economy faces many challenges. The objective of the study is to use AHP analysis to analyze environmental regulation and GEE in China. Accordingly, the study identified three alternative approaches to achieve GEE by analyzing four criteria and ten sub-criteria in the context of environmental regulations in China. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) has been used to rank criteria, sub-criteria, and alternative approaches. According to the model, China's best path to GEE is through resource efficiency and green purchasing strategies. This article offers an insightful assessment of sustainable development in the Chinese economy.

Fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision analysis of environmental regulation and green economic efficiency in a post-COVID-19 scenario: the case of China.

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak posed serious threats not only to global health but also to the worldwide development regime. The experts, economists, policymakers, and the governments expressed their pledges and determinations to adapt and mitigate climate change. Policymakers and governments have started adopting green growth and development strategies. The progress moves further to achieve green economic efficiency (GEE) to achieve economic, social, and environmental development. One of the major challenges has been promulgating and strictly implementing environmental regulations and policies vis-à-vis green growth and development. China, having the second largest economy, has started its voyage to achieve GEE. However, there are multiple challenges on the way to the green economy. The objective of the present stud is to analyze environmental regulation and GEE in China using fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision analysis. To serve this purpose, the study identifies 5 alternative strategies to achieve GEE while considering 10 criteria and 48 sub-criteria in the context of environmental regulations in China. The Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been employed to rank criteria and sub-criteria to the goal. The Fuzzy VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) method has been used to rank the alternative strategies of GEE. The proposed model unveiled resource efficiency and green purchasing as the best strategy to achieve GEE in the Chinese economy followed by local production. The study provides a comprehensive insight into the green development process to achieve GEE in the Chinese economy in the post-COVID-19 world.