A Guided Inquiry Into America's White Hegemony, Yesterday's Terror and Today's Horror: a Journal for Readers, Students and Teachers of History

Teachers value students' close reading of and text-based writing about diverse texts while eliciting their awareness of the world, privilege, and power. Carefully selected literature coupled with primary sources can bridge the classroom and society. To engage modern students in America's racialized past and present, this article guides teachers to intertwine villains and heroes, real and imagined, past and present. During an intradisciplinary unit linking social studies/history and English/language arts, a twin-text approach enabled students to scrutinize two trade books and supplementary primary sources. Close reading and text-based writing strategies were coupled with an authentic assessment to spark students' creative expressions, critical thinking, and informed civic dialogue. Teaching America's horrid history with racism is provocative yet necessary as oft-overlooked voices reshape public memory and the COVID-19 pandemic redefines collective concerns.

Unemployment - Corruption Relationship in OECD Countries: System GMM Approach

Corruption, abuse of public office for private gain, is mainly found to impact macroeconomic indicators adversely in the long run. In this vein, this paper investigates the impact of corruption on unemployment in Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries between 1996-2020. Utilizing World Governance Indicators (WGI) corruption data and implementing the system generalized method of moments (GMM) methodology to overcome endogeneity and reverse causality issues, the results indicate that corruption increases unemployment in all models when various variables are controlled for. The robustness checks with alternative econometric estimations (i.e., difference GMM, fixed effect, and ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions) and corruption index (i.e., Corruption Perception Index (CPI)) verify the conclusion of system GMM that higher corruption leads to higher unemployment. However, the magnitude depends on the model and specification. The results reveal that specific policies should be implemented to eliminate corruption in political and bureaucratic spheres so that the unemployment rate can be maintained around the natural rate of each country.

From Pre-crises to Global Recoveries and Why We Can Build Sustainable Futures for the World

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) generated a crisis;however, it also gave us an opportunity to imagine the future and build a better world. Moreover, as we are convinced of the importance of understanding the lessons of history when facing both current and future challenges, this chapter seeks to present a concise overview of global crises since the end of the nineteenth century and to show crises for which we ignored the warning signs and wakeup calls, the consequences of said crises and how we managed to recover and thrive in several cases. Ultimately, we seek to justify the capacity of humanity to build a sustainable future-ideally, a regenerative future. © 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited.

Covid Depression and Search for a New Paradigm

The liberal doctrines dominating in the late 1920s could not avoid the severe consequences of the Great Depression and it was necessary to find a new paradigm, to increase the government role in economy. The macroeconomic doctrine developed by J.M. Keynes, based on the active role of the government in the economy, made it possible to cope with the severe consequences of the Great Depression. Such an approach became popular in later years. Since then, there were several global crises in the global economy, including the global financial crisis of 2007-2009, but none of them was as severe and as specific as the current Covid Depression, before the start of which liberal doctrines still dominated the global economy. New Great Depression began with the pandemic that caused the death of millions of people and put economy in a difficult situation. The solution again seems to be, the activation of a new paradigm: the role of the government. To halt the negative tendency of the Covid Depression it is necessary to accelerate the global vaccination process and provide sufficient finances to cope with the severe consequences of Covid-19;to increase the role of the government in economy;to increase production of competitive domestic products to satisfy domestic demand;to encourage the export-oriented industrialization;to increase the rate and volume of export;to attract foreign investments;to take measures against the oligopolistic market;to encourage utilization of domestic resources;to develop an effective employment system;to establish financial markets and centers;to increase economic relationship with other countries, especially with the European Union, the United States, international centers, etc. These and other issues should be reflected in the officially approved action plan of socio-economic development of Georgia. © 2022 Bull. Georg. Natl. Acad. Sci.

The New Great Depression in the Context of Coronavirus Pandemic: A Test of Keynesian Theory for Russian Regions

J.M. Keynes is the author of the economic model which made it possible to overcome the Great Depression in the United States. The cornerstone of the theory is income. The regulatory measures of J.M. Keynes start from the fact that the behavior of the population in the long and short term is different. Using the data on the income of the population in the regions of Russia before the crisis and during crisis periods (caused by the coronavirus pandemic) of 2018–2020, the authors test a hypothesis connected with the transformation of behavior models. In particular, the issue of changes in the proportions of savings and consumption of the population in the regions of Russia was studied. To confirm the hypothesis defined in the study, the clustering of regions was carried out, which allows us to draw conclusions about the isolation of more homogeneous groups of regions. The identified five clusters allow us to fully determine the main trends of consumer behavior and confirm the hypothesis set in the study. The results obtained allow us to speak about the relevance of the application of J.M. Keynes’ approaches to this crisis situation. It is also important to speak about the possibility of further research of the policy proposed at the moment which deals with the issues facing the global economy. The calculation of the ratio of the marginal and average consumption rate makes it possible to use the tools of the US economic policy of the early 20 th century in the modern social and economic reality. Using this research, the trends were identified and new threats associated with the virtualization of the economy were identified, which can become a kind of a trigger for a new Great Depression. The most important tasks at the moment are a deep fundamental study and description of the patterns of development of regional economic systems of various types and an analysis of the impact of various negative factors and shocks on their dynamics.Alternate : Дж.Ðœ. Кейнса принято считать автором экономической модели, позволившей преодолеть Великую депрессию в США. Краеугольным камнем теории является доход. Регуляционные меры Дж.Ðœ. Кейнса исходили из того, что поведение населения в долгосрочном и краткосрочном периодах отличается. По данным о доходах населения в регионах России докризисного и кризисного (вызванного пандемией коронавируса) периодов 2018–2020 гг. авторы тестируют гипотезу, связанную с трансформацией моделей поведения. Ð’ частности, исследовался вопрос изменения пропорций сбережения и потребления, осуществляемых населением регионов России. Для подтверждения поставленной в исследовании гипотезы проведена кластеризация, позволяющая сделать выводы относительно более однородных групп регионов. Выделенные пять кластеров позволяют в полной мере определить основные векторы потребительского поведения и подтвердить поставленную в исследовании гипотезу. Полученные результаты позволяют говорить об уместности применения подходов Дж.Ðœ. Кейнса к данной кризисной ситуации, а также о возможности дальнейшего исследования политики, предлагаемой в настоящий момент, для решения во ¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð², стоящих перед мировой экономикой. Определение соотношения предельной и средней нормы потребления дает возможность имплементации инструментов экономической политики США начала ХХ в. в современную социально-экономическую реальность. На основе проведенного исследования были определены тренды и выявлены новые угрозы, связанные с виртуализацией экономики, которые могут стать своеобразным триггером новой Великой депрессии. Важнейшими задачами в настоящий момент нам видятся глубокое фундаментальное изучение и описание закономерностей развития региональных экономических систем различных типов, а также анализ влияния различных негативных факторов и шоков на их динамику.

The rebirth of Keynes during the COVID-19 pandemics - a theoretical approach

The global COVID-19 pandemic caused a severe blow to the world economy, bringing the biggest economic downturn since the Great Depression. This economic downturn was accompanied by various controversies regarding the role of the state in the economy. To withstand these shocks, most of the states started to use fiscal stimulus measures. The main purpose of this paper is to present the effects that COVID-19 caused on the world economy, as well as to review Keynes's ideas regarding the needfor state intervention in the economy. The results of the study show that many countries have used monetary andfiscal stimulus measures to cope with the negative effects caused by the COVID19 pandemic. Thus, Keynes's ideas for state intervention in the economy are still relevant and necessary in todays economy, until the number ofpeople infected with COVID-19 decreases and the economy reopens completely as it was before.

Town, Country and Wilderness: Planning the Half-Earth

Theorists of Half-Earth Socialism Troy Vettese, Drew Pendergrass and Filip Mesko explain their global societal vision and explore how eco-socialist planning can create a just and sustainable society. They argue that the problem of land scarcity is an opportunity to erode the separation of city and country, while vast swathes of the world could be rewilded.

Design Perspectives from the Global South: The Case of Mexico

Guest-Editor of this AD and Director of the Architectural Association (AA) Ground Lab in London, Jose Alfredo Ramirez recognises that the Green New Deal is predicated on the success of previous, historical economic stimulus packages in the Global North. Here he calls for the inclusion of Global South perspectives, using Mexico as a case study.

Crises and Contestations: The Promise and Peril of Designing a Green New Deal

It is clear that we are facing a tipping point in global politics, climate change and social justice. Much has been trumpeted under the banner of the 'Green New Deal'. Billy Fleming, the Wilks Family Director of the Ian L McHarg Center at the Weitzman School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, describes the history and various approaches encompassed within this ubiquitous epithet and how designers can get involved.

The Ideas That Made America: A Brief History ( New York: Oxford University Press, 2019, £12.99). Pp. 232. isbn 978 0 1906 2536 8

Despite the book's confessed reliance on “more traditional sources of intellectual history (works of philosophy, political and social theory, literature, and cultural criticism),” Ratner-Rosenhagen's intellectuals are not just elites (3). Chapters 4 through 6 march through the Civil War, Reconstruction, the Gilded Age, the Progressive Era, American modernity, the Great Depression, and World War II. While anyone will profit by reading this book (including practicing intellectual historians), the entire presentation and tone beg an instructor to talk it through with undergraduates or advanced high-school students. For a book dedicated to young adults, navigating lives out from under parental and K-12 authorities, I do believe that Ratner-Rosenhagen could have talked more about identity early in the work – to set the stage for the youth culture of the 1960s and identity politics later.