ABSTRACT
Restaurant enterprises should strive to constantly adapt to customer needs and ever-changing market conditions, offering appropriate services, identifying adequate methods of communication and promotion. The article is aimed at studying modern methods of promotion and determining the most appropriate restaurant services for this in wartime. The article discusses the essence and directions of application of modern methods of promotion. It is proved that promotion methods are very important both during the COVID-19 pandemic and during the war, and the variability of the market environment necessitates the innovative orientation of the restaurant business. The relevance of the creation and use of modern methods of promotion in restaurant facilities is substantiated. The definitions of the essence of the concepts of left-pointing-double-angle promotion right-pointing-double-angle , left-pointing-double-angle traditional forms of promotion right-pointing-double-angle have been improved. Promotion of restaurants is one of the mandatory directions of successful business. It is determined that the pandemic and martial law have significantly changed the conditions of existence of the restaurant business in Ukraine, but the current trends in the development of promotion methods can improve the state of this area, i. e.: automation, which has become a key trend in visitor service procedures - from receiving orders to calculating visitors;personalization - the possibility of the visitor feeling of interest on the part of the institution to his preferences in food and service, special needs, etc.;playing on the feelings and emotions of visitors - the main share of the content;influencer marketing, that is, using the authority of popular bloggers, sites and pages in social networks of famous people, which allows creating and conveying to the target audience the content that is better remembered due to its emotional component;charity and volunteering that help raise the image of the restaurant. Complete and reliable information about customers and their preferences plays a significant role in promotion. The main modern methods of promotion are highlighted, with the help of which the enterprise will not only earn decent money, but also become popular in the city. Each of these methods is unique and requires the attention of marketers, you also need to have a specific strategy on how to use each method. The modern consumer has become more demanding both to the product itself and to the ways it has to be presented. Therefore, the more unique the method of providing information, the more successful the advertising will be.
ABSTRACT
At the current stage of the development of society, where everything is fast-moving and changing, the ability to respond flexibly and adapt to changes is extremely important for the functioning of all branches of the economy. Changing technologies, generations, penetration of the information factor into all spheres of human life form new requirements on the market. The modern tourist market needs innovative, creative, spontaneous, and most importantly, effective solutions that will enable enterprises to function with the least losses. The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of the tourist market in the conditions of constantly arising risks and the determination of ways to overcome them. The main groups of risks affecting the tourism industry are considered. The dynamics of international tourist arrivals and the influence of various factors that caused the reduction of tourist activity in the world were studied. The main reasons for such negative changes, their consequences on the tourism market of individual countries and the world industry in general are established, as well as ways to combat them are analyzed. The article determines that the activity of the tourism sector largely depends on external factors that are practically beyond control. The biggest losses are caused by epidemics and diseases, among which the COVID-19 pandemic was the most extensive in terms of consequences, as the lack of response measures caused a temporary stagnation in the industry, which required an accelerated search for solutions. In addition, the article highlights the basics of anti-crisis management in tourism and the stages of its implementation. According to the results of the study, the necessity of introducing risk management in the tourism industry is substantiated.
ABSTRACT
There is no doubt that coronavirus has succeeded in crippling businesses and people worldwide. It has led to unprecedented economic crisis in countries around the world. The tourism sector isn't an exception to its devastating impacts. The virus has succeeded in affecting not just the economy. In addition to such, job opportunities, and regional developments in local communities have been greatly affected. Tourism throughout the world has been stagnant since the month of April 2020 due to the advent of COVID-19. Given this temporary problem, economies and employment rates have been affected to a great extent. Also, local communities around the world are struggling to survive. In most countries, 50% the revenue generated from exports is contributed by tourism. This means it is a major contributor of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) as well as employment. The major aim of this paper is to carry out an objective review that can enable researchers and experts understand as well as manage the impacts of COVID-19 on tourism. For this to be achieved, this paper discussed the transformational opportunities presented by COVID-19 including questions that it raises. The paper attempts to identify pre-assumptions, institutions, and fundamental values which the tourism industry including other academia need to challenge for development to be achieved. Furthermore, the paper discusses the major impacts, experiences and behaviors being experienced by the 3 stakeholders in the tourism industry - social cost, supply, and demand. Just as measures have been adopted by countries to ameliorate the situation, recommendations have been put forward to ensure speedy recovery of the sector.
ABSTRACT
The development of domestic tourism is marked as one of the positive changes caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemic. The always popular spa destinations in Serbia are becoming more and more visited. Accordingly, it is necessary to determine which factors lead to the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of domestic guests in hotels. This paper will examine the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of hotel guests who shared their experiences through reviews on the Booking.com platform. The sample consisted of hotel guests in Vrnjacka Banja, because this destination stands out as the most visited during the coronary virus pandemic in Serbia. During August 2021, a total of 533 reviews of domestic tourists were collected, and the analysis of the obtained data was performed with the help of the SPSS 20 social science package and the RapidMiner data mining software. The analysis of the results revealed that a total of 8 factors affected the satisfaction of hotel guests during the corona virus pandemic, while a total of 5 factors influenced the dissatisfaction. The obtained results will help hotel managers in creating adequate strategies to improve those factors that are a source of dissatisfaction of guests such as the service provided, room equipment or additional facilities.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed tourist flows, reducing the number of international tourist arrivals around the world. One of the ways to protect the tourism industry from the ongoing health crisis was through the stimulation of domestic and proximity tourism. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia, domestic tourists were attracted tospa destinations such as Vrnjacka Banja. Thus, residents of this small-town destination experienced a great influx of tourists, alteringtheir everyday lives. This paper examines the quality of life domains of Vrnjacka Banja residents during the pandemic and their support for sustainable tourism initiatives in the viable future. Study findings suggest that spirituality and support from friends and general quality of life as identified domains of quality of life during the pandemic emerged as antecedents of support for sustainable tourism. The study contributes to the existing tourism knowledge by acknowledging the capacity of different domains of resident' quality of life in the pandemic context to frame future sustainable tourism initiatives.
ABSTRACT
Besides obvious negative consequences for people's health, the COVID-19 pandemic placed significant negative consequences on the economy as well. Since pandemic made tourism and travel almost impossible, these industries of tourism and hospitality suffered the most. The aim of this paper is to assess whether the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a change in the level of profitability of companies from hotel industry in the Republic of Serbia. The research sample consisted of 100 companies from hotel industry in the Republic of Serbia, where their operations in 2019 and 2020 were observed. The Operating Profit Margin, Net Profit Margin, Return on Assets and Return on Equity were used for the purposes of measuring profitability. The research determined that in the largest number of observed hotel companies in 2020, there was a decrease in profitability considering all four used indicators. By applying the Wilcoxon rank test and the t-test of paired samples, it was determined that the mentioned reductions in the used profitability indicators are statistically significant.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to identify, and present the CSR practices that have been, and are also currently being implemented by football clubs in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. Moreover, it also strives to assess the impact of these practices on media coverage. The results of the research show that among the posts published by Zaglebie Sosnowiec on social media platforms, such as their official Facebook profile, and the posts about the results of the matches, tend to achieve the greatest reach. However, on the contrary, posts presenting the ongoing CSR initiatives for the local community come tend to take a backseat, and are considered to be secondary. Furthermore, when it comes to other posts that are related to sports activities or personalities (footballers' birthdays, match previews and information about sponsors), their reach does not tend to differ. From an empirical point of view, this study proves that CSR activities are an imperative element of building relationships with the club's stakeholders.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus pandemic has strongly affected every sector of the economy. Every organization, every employee within the organizations, had to adapt to the situation and adopt new ways of doing the work at the workplace. Of course, the development of human resources within organizations has acquired another dimension. The focus was on trying to maintain jobs and developing human resources through the means available to the organization in this pandemic context. Telework was introduced and human resource financing activities through European projects were reduced. The implementation of projects with non-reimbursable European funding was quite difficult during the state of emergency and then in the state of alert, which led to a decrease in continuous professional training activity and, implicitly, to the development of human resources in the South-West Oltenia region.
ABSTRACT
This special issue aims to move the field forward in our understanding of and commitment to dismantling systemic racism within and beyond the spheres of sport, and to offer practical and tangible suggestions for sport psychology professionals to become truly anti-racist in their work. The first article explores the lived experiences of Black student-athletes navigating their way through a world in which Black people and those from other minoritized groups are routinely victimized, brutalized, and murdered by those supposedly in authority, and in which the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately impacted minoritized groups across the globe. The authors offer practical applications for developing and implementing anti-racist practices within sporting organizations and in the wider world. The second article discusses the normalization of whiteness in sport, the ways in which women student-athletes of color experience, negotiate, and navigate whiteness in their everyday lives, and offers insights into how sport and exercise psychology professionals might work to disrupt white normativity and disrupt systemic racism. The third article explores the obstacles to effective mentorship for black, indigenous and people of color (BIPOC) practitioners in the traditionally white field of sport and exercise psychology. Through lenses of critical race theory, feminist and womanist mentorship practices, and intersectionality, a model of mentorship that aims to foster well-being and retention for BIPOC professionals is presented. The fourth article provides an in-depth exploration of African American female Olympians' lived-experiences of navigating intersectional identity transitions through various career stages. Moreover, practical implications for offering culturally competent service delivery and therefore supporting athletes' well-being and performance goals through identity transitions are offered. The final article provides an insight into how diversifying and therefore legitimizing forms of knowledge might expand our understanding and application of sport and exercise psychology practices, with an investigation into the perspectives of Maori sport and exercise academics, health professionals, athletes, and coaches.
ABSTRACT
The article puts forward a proposal for a new concept enabling a more in-depth analysis of the impact of the development of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector, dating back from the turn of 2019 and 2020. In order to present the concept of 'tourism covidisation', subject literature has been analysed. While analysing the literature, it was found that the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected all tourism sectors: the accommodation and catering sector, the tourist attractions sector, the transport sector as well as the tourism organisers sector. This prompted the author of this publication to create a new definition - tourism covidisation, which may be defined as "any effects on the tourism industry sector directly or indirectly connected to the COVID-19 pandemic.".
ABSTRACT
Tourism shows to be one of the most affected activities by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (responsible for COVID-19) outbreak. This situation is not only because of the cancelled flights but also of the fear of being infected with the virus. In this regard, a study was carried out intending to define and analyse the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 over the tourism intentions of Azores residents in 2020 by studying their perceptions. Throughout the research, it was possible to verify that the Azores Archipelago residents' tourism intentions were considerably modified due to SARS-CoV-2, with approximately 70% of the Azores Region residents saying that they will be spending their 2020 vacations in the region. Moreover, this article also provides insights into the enhancement of tourism safety models in regional tourism activities and consequently, in regional sustainable development and growth.
ABSTRACT
Tourism is the deed of every individual who loves to travel for leisure, entertainment, sports, or other purpose and usually stay in places outside their environment. It involves hospitality, health, sports, education, or entertainment. Tourism is often connected with the individual intentions to discover the facts and findings of the environment. But, the COVID-19 pandemic contamination has furiously affected the kind of tourism industry across the world and waiting for the biggest downfall ever in the history of tourism. It not only affected the common inter and intraregional travel but also badly hit the global tourism sectors. In this article, an impact study of COVID-19 on tourism sustainability is performed with an in-depth discussion on various issues and challenges. Further, an effective analytical perspective is presented on the applications of intelligent computing techniques to meet the challenges of tourism concerning COVID-19. This study will be helpful for effective analysis on different tourism sectors in a post-pandemic scenario along with a special focus towards the enhancement of domain knowledge of different stakeholders, industries, and government organisations.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 pandemic has lead to societal transformation in terms of economic, social, and environmental behaviours. Like other countries, Turkey has suffered from the pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of COVID-19 on the following major indicators: total hours worked by employees, number of employees, labour compensation, capital compensation, gross value added and nominal capital stock at current basic prices, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Throughout the study, an extended input-output (EIO) analysis was employed. The scope of the study was based on the decline in economic activities in the restricted sectors such as accommodation and food services, travel agencies, tour operators and other reservation and related services, air transport, land tourism, water transport, and leisure activities. Three main scenarios, i.e., fast recovery scenario, continuing slowdown scenario, and economic recession scenario, were set to analyse the effects of COVID-19 on the Turkish economy and CO2 emissions.
ABSTRACT
The outbreak of the 'new type coronavirus (COVID-19)' has affected all commercial sectors including the tourism sector, nearly bringing mobility in tourism to a halt. The aim of this study is to determine the possible effects of the outbreak on the cost items of hotel businesses. The method of the study is based on the qualitative research method. In this context, a large five-star hotel enterprise (luxury segment) in Istanbul Province was examined. The work is designed in the context of a case-by-case method. In this respect, the effects of the outbreak on the cost items of the business were examined by the hotel employees. Data of the study were obtained through the semi-structured questions form. The study concluded that food and beverages, front office, sales and booking, parking and spa-health departments were the most affected cost items. Ahead, the COVID-19 outbreak can negatively affect people economically, and subsequently, people's purchasing power may also decline. For this reason, suggestions are made for how businesses can create affordable pricing policies for consumers and their own businesses in their products and services.
ABSTRACT
The lead theme editor shares his reflections on the significance and outcomes of this theme issue which set out to review the role of innovation in the re-building process of the tourism and hospitality industry in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: This paper aims to study the religious tourism supply chain and understand and introduce resilience across the same to mitigate post-pandemic disruptions. Design/methodology/approach: In this manuscript, a systematic literature review has been done to identify the gaps in the religious tourism supply chain, which gives adequate revenue to India but not studied yet. The identified gap shaped this study's objectives and research questions and guided the authors to devise a theoretical framework for the religious tourism supply chain. Findings: The key findings of this research paper led to identifying both threats and opportunities for the religious tourism supply chain, which has been into existence and caused many disasters in the past. As pandemic Covid-19 shut the doors of these religious destinations for extended periods, it became necessary for governments, state authorities and private parties to think and devise the post unlock operating processes for this supply chain. This thinking directed the authors to create a framework for the smooth flow of people and other services across this supply chain. The collaborative efforts of all the stakeholders at various levels can realize the actual working of the suggested framework. A stagewise set of processes has been proposed to understand the resilience across the religious tourism supply chain and reduce disruptions. Practical implications: Covid-19 pandemic has devastated the world economies and disrupted the supply chains of all sectors. The paper elaborates the need for cohesive efforts to introduce resilience across humanitarian supply chains and phase-wise processes to reduce the disruptions caused by various disasters. These systematic efforts will familiarize the readers with the need for resilience across the religious tourism supply chain. Still, it would also assist in generating revenue for the Indian government and reviving the economy soon. Originality/value: The trade of religious tourism adds a significant contribution to the Indian economy in terms of revenue, employment, visibility of culture and destination, etc. The Covid-19 pandemic has immensely disrupted the tourism sector supply chain, resulting in huge losses (FICCI report 2020). The introduction and implementation of resilience across the religious tourism supply chain can diminish the losses and assist in reviving the economy soon. Construct of resilience across the religious tourism supply chain has not been studied yet. This manuscript contributes to identifying post-pandemic challenges across the religious tourism supply chain and ways to integrate resilience to reduce disruptions caused by disasters.
ABSTRACT
The tourism industry was seen as one of the main beneficiaries of globalisation prior to the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. However, while tourism is a major driver of economic growth and social well-being, a transformation of the industry towards more sustainable practices along the tourism supply chain (TSC) is needed to ensure that sustainable development goals can be reached. As sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices are critical for this transformation, the present study maps previous research on SSCM in tourism within a systematic literature review. Based on an analysis of 44 peer-reviewed journal papers, we found a strong emphasis on tour operators, hotels, and transport providers being concerned with practicing SSCM while actors managing the destination (e.g., Destination Management Organizations) have rarely been studied. Sustainability practices in TSCs can be enhanced by linking traditional and non-traditional actors on the multiple tiers and levels of a tourist destination. We accordingly propose potential research avenues to stimulate future research activities.
ABSTRACT
Tourism is undergoing major changes in the advent of social media networks and other new forms of digital technology. This has affected a number of tourism related processes including marketing, destination making, travel experiences and visitor feedback but also various tourism subsectors, like hospitality, transportation and tour operators. More radical than the change in technology itself, the COVID-19 pandemic has hastened questions of digitality and virtuality to the fore in tourism (and not just there). An already substantial and growing body of research has investigated these developments, both regarding tourism processes and industry subsectors and it has grown substantially since the pandemic. Still, largely overlooked are the effects of these changes on questions concerning inequality. This paper provides an overview of recent discussions on this topic, presenting an analysis of extant material and provides ideas of where to take the research further.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is the greatest global crisis since WW11, infecting millions of people. Those amongst the worst affected have been in the older age range and largely have underlying health issues. The importance of maintaining wellbeing, being fit and healthy, and resisting neoliberal and normalizing discourses as we age becomes more crucial. This paper considers the entanglement of embodied, emplaced ageing, nature-based recreation and green and blue spaces in exploring the experiences and sensibilities of agers. It argues that interpretative research can provide for a better and more nuanced appreciation of older folks' changing embodied subjectivities and their relations with the outdoors. Autoethnography is examined as an insightful, credible methodology in (re)-presenting being old outdoors and being active outdoors. The perceived vulnerability of 70+ folk is considered in light of government policy discourses emanating as a consequence of the pandemic. The paper folds with realist tales of Lockdown in New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
This chapter shows that Sondre Svalastog' theory still remains relevant and applicable, producing an important perspective for today's tourism market and practitioners. For example, Svalastog's identification of tourism competencies connected to tourist typologies is fundamental to the development of tourism in today's competitive environment. Additionally, key elements in the applicability of Svalastog's thesis are discussed in relation to post-tourists and overtourism, climate change, rural development, the COVID-19 pandemic, technology, digitalization, virtuality and Web3, and product development and niches.