Far from "Fauda”: creators with disabilities in an established-outsider figuration in the Israeli film and television industries

Purpose: Ample literature has demonstrated that workers in the creative industries are excluded in terms of gender, race and class. Fewer studies, however, have examined the career advancement challenges faced by creators with disabilities. Drawing on insights from the established-outsider theory, this study aims to fill this lacuna. Design/methodology/approach: The participants were 24 creators in the Israeli film and television industries (FTIs) contending with severe forms of mental or physical and sensory impairment. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore practitioners' conceptions of the challenges they face in making careers in the FTI, as well as how they contend with these challenges. Findings: Intergroup dynamics yield an established-outsider figuration that situates creators with disabilities in a marginal occupational position in the FTI. Creators with disabilities' lack of access to networks of prominent creators place them in a disadvantageous position in the ongoing struggles over scarce resources in the FTI. The structural features of the FTI, which are intertwined with the social mechanisms of stigmatization and exclusion, make it difficult to breach any figuration once established. In defiance of their occupational figuration, creators with disabilities utilize two tactics aimed at professional advancement: hyper-meritocracy and advocacy. These tactics yield only partial success. Research limitations/implications: This study does not represent the voices of decision-makers in the film and television industries in Israel. Practical implications: Implications are suggested regarding the role of culture funds as well as policymakers in advancing workforce diversity and opportunity in the film and television industries. Originality/value: This study addresses covert and unspoken barriers to equality in the creative workforce. The findings also shed light on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on workforce diversity and opportunity in the FTI. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Gender in COVID-19 campaigns: An analysis of the Italian government communications

The gender studies approach of this contribution addresses the issue of communication in the Italian government's response to COVID-19. In the past, the government had often focused its communication on the promotion of political activities, with stereotypical representations of men and women instead of a culture of communication based on the concept of ‘civil servant' with a gender lens. This article ponders whether methods of disseminating information and representing the pandemic are driven by innovative models of communication that advocate for a gender-conscious approach. Using a qualitative analysis, this contribution examines the government's communication campaigns during the pandemic and inquires if and how the narrative of the pandemic has impacted the representation of gender. We analyse public service advertisements on television and in the digital media. Our results show distinct features of and issues with mainstream and social media storytelling strategies. © 2023 Intellect Ltd Article. English language.

College television at German higher education institutions in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic

Higher education institutions (HEIs) create a range of media products. Among them are college media produced by students. Even though this heterogeneous media form exists throughout Germany and is therefore part of HEIs' public visibility, it remains unnoticed in the field of higher education communication. This study aims to examine the specific type of college television (CTV) in terms of organizational and editorial structures and altered workflows due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study combines a two-wave online survey among all operating German CTV stations in 2017 and 2021 with a qualitative social media analysis of twelve stations. In 2017, intra-curricular CTV operations rated a higher satisfaction level than extra-curricular cases, whereby the explicit support and cooperation with the HEI scores better. The data shows that CTV operations with an intra-curricular linkage to the respective HEI enjoyed a more stable continuity than extra-curricular operations, some of which were forced to cease production over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has limited the CTV operations' workflows in terms of access to equipment and social exchange but has also stimulated a shift in topic selection and distribution strategy. © 2022, the author.

Virus on the screen: consumption habits of the television audience in Spain and Italy (2019-2022)

The effects of the pandemic affect multiple areas of our lives, including those related to the media. In the television field, the pandemic came at a time of great transformation in the sector. After more than two years since its inception, this research addresses a diachronic study that covers four years, and comparative between Italy and Spain. Starting from a longer time perspective constitutes the differential value of this study since it aims to assess what dynamics subsisted or changed after confinement once the process of returning to normality began. This research intends to know, through a quantitative descriptive exploratory methodology, the linear consumption of television by the population of both countries, trying to identify the habits of the audience and the variations in the behavior of the population with respect to the television medium. Analysis carried out allows us to confirm that media consumption during the first phase of the pandemic was exceptional in the evolution of television in both countries, but it did not introduce new dynamics but instead strengthened existing trends. © 2022 Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion. All rights reserved.

Parents' Views on Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study was conducted to reveal how parents perceive the distance education process during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study group consists of 15 participants in Lüleburgaz district of Kirklareli province. The case study design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study and data were collected online with a semi-structured interview form. Demographic characteristics, problems experienced by parents in distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic, positive and negative experiences, and opinions were interrogated via "Google Forms". The descriptive analysis and content analysis methods were preferred to analyse data. The results showed that parents attributed the inability to learn efficiently during the COVID-19 process to the inefficacy of online education, distraction, anxiety, environment, and noise. Trainings can be given to parents so that they can help their children efficiently in the distance education process. It is recommended that internet infrastructure be strengthened to deal with connection problems.

Analysis of the State of Digital Contact Habits of Primary School Students

The aim of this study is to examine the status of digital contact habits of primary school students during the pandemic period. This study is important because it will reveal the difference between primary school students' digital contact habits before and after the COVID-19 period. The study also has the distinction of being the first within the scope of studies conducted at primary school level in the direction of digital life skills and addiction. Survey method was used. The study group consists of 986 parents of primary school students in three different provinces in districts similar to each other in terms of socioeconomic and cultural aspects. The collected data were obtained by Digital analyze technique. The data was interpreted in the artificial intelligence-algorithmic system. According to the findings, the addiction rate increased in the study group students during the COVID-19 period, and one out of every four children was digitally dependent.

People's Views of Hygiene and Personal Care during COVID-19 Outbreak

The present research aims to ascertain the views of the people in Russia, about their levels of awareness in terms of hygiene and personal care for protection against the coronavirus. Data for this research were collected through an online questionnaire developed by researchers using a quantitative research approach. A total of 439 people living in different districts of the Russian Federation were involved to the research based on simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages. Results revealed that the participants paid attention to not having close contact with other people to protect themselves against the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings also revealed that they wash their hands after visiting the toilet and stand one meter away from other people. It was also found that television is the mass medium through which they follow the information on personal care and hygiene-related to the COVID-19 pandemic most frequently.

Data Disaggregation for Inclusive Quality Education in Emergencies: The COVID-19 Experience in Ghana

The process of data analysis provides, undoubtedly, some of the major challenges facing organizations during the implementation of interventions in emergencies. The challenges are primarily due to the lack of direct access to beneficiaries and the rapidly evolving nature of emergencies. This paper outlines how Plan International's Making Ghanaian Girls Great! (MGCubed) project used phone-based surveys to assess the uptake of a Ghana Learning TV (GLTV) programme implemented in partnership with the government. Due to the emergency context and the need for real-time information to guide the implementation of this intervention, there was little time to undertake a major statistical analysis of survey data. This paper discusses how the MGCubed project adopted a simple data disaggregation method using a logic tree technique to gain valuable insights from the survey data. The method allowed for exploring the insights of the data set in real-time without requiring more complex and time-consuming analysis. All views expressed in this article are the author's and not of FCDO.

Reopening with Resilience: Lessons from Remote Learning during COVID-19 in Eastern and Southern Africa

The widespread school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated the learning crisis for children living in Eastern and Southern Africa. The crisis has also shown the great need to develop resilient education systems that can provide learning when schools are forced to close. Understanding how to provide remote learning equitably utilizing multiple modalities and emphasizing low-tech solutions in Eastern and Southern Africa is critical given the great challenges facing the region in terms of electricity and connectivity access. This report provides a summary of lessons learned in the East and Southern Africa region from remote learning during COVID-19 and provides concrete recommendations on how to increase the resilience of education systems.

A Worldwide Journey through Distance Education--From the Post Office to Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Realities, and Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Surprisingly, distance education is quite an old concept. Its origins date back to the first correspondence-based course, which took place via the postal service in Boston, USA, in the 18th century. Rapid technological developments, especially in video and audio streaming, have increased the availability of such courses and moved learning into the virtual world. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we are witnessing an accelerated revolution in the learning process, as nearly all forms of education have been shifted online. Will this have a destructive effect on the human psyche? Is humanity sufficiently aware and ready for such a dramatic change? Will we return to physical in-classroom studies, or is remote distance education set to become the new norm? In particular, in medicine, computer science, fine arts, or architectural design, such a rapid change in the way students learn can be quite challenging. In this paper, we provide an overview of the history of distance learning, taking into account teachers' and students' points of view in both secondary and higher education.

A Review of Mirzapur Season 1 Showing How Media Frames Gun Culture and Abusive Languages

Studios have been compelled to push back the arrivals of their most prominent motion pictures to the following year or skirt dramatic deliveries entirely, drop-kicking films directly to web-based features, prompting a film industry 77.2 percent more regrettable than as of now last year, as per the media investigation organization comscore [1]. The Alternatives With the increasing number of corona cases, the hope for theatres to open decreased. [...]the search for new alternatives began and the most favourable outcome was using the OTT platform. While there are different types of OTT stages, OTT television allude to great video content transferred straightforwardly from the supplier, on to a client's screen (versatile, tablet, PC, television and so on) through Web Convention over a public organization. Various creators have utilized different models including - Innovation Acknowledgment Model (Hat), (Davis, 1989), Hypothesis of Panned Conduct (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991), Dissemination of Development (DOI), (Roger, 1995), Hypothesis of Contemplated Activity (TRA) to survey and comprehend the acknowledgment of another innovation by clients and relate it with reception of OTT media including television, voice, intuitive and others.20 as for OTT stage, Cap is utilized essentially by different creators like Cha, 2013;Cha and Chan-Olmsted, 2012.

Digital Divide vs. Inclusive Thinking: The Educational Television in Turkey

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, schools closed down in many countries, and the students participate in virtual-only classes. However, as there is no equality in access to technology and connectivity among the populations, this has become a major problem for the millions, intensifying the digital divide. Thus, in order to mitigate this digital gap, many countries have taken several measures to use educational technology in different ways. Turkey is one of them and has supported distance education through the use of educational television. Therefore, this chapter explores the implementation of educational television by introducing its background, use, and contributions to foreign language instruction and contextualises it in a scholarly discussion of the digital divide and inclusive education within the local context of Turkey. Ultimately, the chapter provides recommendations for the policymakers to support inclusive education to embrace wide masses of learners. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Gender in COVID-19 campaigns: An analysis of the Italian government communications

The gender studies approach of this contribution addresses the issue of communication in the Italian government's response to COVID-19. In the past, the government had often focused its communication on the promotion of political activities, with stereotypical representations of men and women instead of a culture of communication based on the concept of ‘civil servant' with a gender lens. This article ponders whether methods of disseminating information and representing the pandemic are driven by innovative models of communication that advocate for a gender-conscious approach. Using a qualitative analysis, this contribution examines the government's communication campaigns during the pandemic and inquires if and how the narrative of the pandemic has impacted the representation of gender. We analyse public service advertisements on television and in the digital media. Our results show distinct features of and issues with mainstream and social media storytelling strategies. © 2023 Intellect Ltd Article. English language.

Squid Game outside the wall: fandom nationalism in China and negotiation with state power (Special Forum: The politics of representation in Squid Game and the promise and peril of its transnational reception)

In the post-COVID era, the prevalence of "fandom nationalism" on Chinese social media has led to the development of two distinct attitudes toward Squid Game among Chinese netizens. Some nationalist netizens are dedicated to accusing Squid Game of plagiarism or dismissing it as a "cultural invasion." Another group of fans, due to the ever-tightening Chinese Internet governance, use fandom nationalism as a disguise to protect themselves against cyberbullying by declaring an anti-Korean political stance before posting positive comments about Squid Game. Therefore, two such divergent attitudes eventually led to a negotiation between fan culture and state power, where on the one hand fandom nationalistic practices were accepted by the mainstream for party-state propaganda, but on the other, in order to prevent being censored, fan culture had to be subordinated to the state's governance.

A caregiver's view, a citizen's view of the Covid-19 pandemic

The pandemic linked to Covid-19 let the notion of freedom rights arise: freedom of expression, of movement, of vaccination, etc. In this context, this article focuses on the vaccination process. Between pro-vaccination, "anti-vax" and undecided, the question of freedom, of the individual decisional autonomy of the citizen and the collective/societal benefit to be oriented towards a choice arises. The dispensation of information, via the media (television, written, radio) and the multitude of sources available on the Web, may or may not facilitate decision-making. But what about the position of caregivers? Beyond the principle of wanting to care without counting, the Hippocratic oath ("I will respect all persons, their autonomy and their will, without any discrimination according to their condition or their convictions"), is it easy to keep these convictions? Is it legitimate to ask the question "Would it be ethical to prioritize vaccinated patients in intensive care?", a question joined by certain doctors of Wallonia (Belgium) in an approach of ethical debate. A look at the literature tries to understand this questioning, which can be both positive and disturbing. Level of Evidence: NA. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS

Technological Innovations in the Production of Peruvian Television Newscasts During the Emergence of Covid-19

The outbreak of Covid-19 imposed radical changes in all human activities and television journalism was no exception. This study aims to analyze the innovations that were applied by television journalists in Peru in order to continue practicing their work in one of the countries hardest hit by the pandemic. The applied methodology was qualitative, semi-structured interviews were carried out which allowed knowing the innovations that were applied to overcome the dangers and sanitary restrictions. As a result, it was obtained that the journalists hybridized their teams and production methods with non-television technologies such as video calls, mobile phones, or the implementation of telework to continue producing television news in a context for which they were never prepared. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Technology at the Service of Journalism and the Media in Pandemic: The Case of Television in Spain During the Period of Confinement

Confinement during the coronavirus crisis led to the need for forced teleworking—total or partial—in those work sectors where it was possible. One of them was the media, where they had to combine face-to-face work with online work. Media such as television had to adopt formulas based on technology to develop their work, to present programs, and to contact their information sources virtually. One of the main resources used was the videoconference. The application of this technological tool for interviews or television debates turned the living room of journalists and news sources into a makeshift set. The objective of this paper is to analyze the role played by technology in the strategies developed by the different public and private television channels in Spain to overcome the situation and continue broadcasting. The methodology of the research is based on the analysis, through case study, of the television channels La 1 and La 2 of TVE (public) and Antena 3, La Sexta, Telecinco, and Cuatro (private). As the main results, we can highlight that many television programs have been broadcast from the presenters' and collaborators' own homes. Others were temporarily stopped being broadcasted because the conditions were not suitable for recording and it was not possible to work virtually. In other cases—as TV news—, on-set activities and videoconferences were combined, resulting in a mixed face-to-face and virtual format. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Connect Elderly to Other Generations Through iTV: Evaluating Notifications' Potential

Television is among the preferred technological devices of the elderly due to their familiarity with its simple interface and because it acts as a sort of companion, being this especially relevant for those living alone. This phenomenon was particularly observed during the social isolation resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic. In the most critical period of the health crisis, the consumption of television content among older people and the adoption of other digital solutions aimed at entertainment or social interaction increased significantly. At the same time, technological advances in the television ecosystem have made it possible to include resources capable of making the gadget increasingly interactive and friendly. An example is the use of notifications, a mechanism that consists in displaying messages on the device's screen, engaging users to a specific topic. TV notifications can act as an information-focused tool with the potential to promote the connection of seniors with their family or friends. In the aforementioned context, the objective of this paper is to identify how TV notifications can contribute to reduce the rates of social isolation among the elderly, offering new forms of interaction with society. For, initially, a literature review was carried out to allow contextualizing the problem. Studies conducted in this field were evaluated to identify whether the television ecosystem would be able to enhance human relationship. These studies supported the construction of a questionnaire focused on identifying the habits of the elderly in relation to the adoption of technological devices, the consumption of television content and the acceptance of notifications in this context. Therefore, this study provides evidence that notifications can connect generations, being an important mechanism to reduce the rates of loneliness among older individuals. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Approach to Spanish TV Broadcasting Dealing with Mental Health Issues Related to Pandemic Lockdown

Despite the importance of mental health matters for people's well-being and the essential role of television to help spread medical issues, our study shows that the media coverage of this subject has been poor and somehow trivial during the so-called "pandemic fatigue" in Spain. This research focuses on the 24-hour television broadcast of five channels throughout 16 months, coding the content to identify trends and to know how media covered men-tal health topics all along seven days in January 2021. The analysis reveals a trivial representation of the topic, in-cluding irrelevant references to mental health that may not help make visible problems such as depression, anxiety, or stress. Instead, there seems to be a lack of rigorous analysis of the mental health conditions arising after the pan-demic. We can infer that private broad-casters have a more suitable approach when presenting data, describing people involved or taking advice from mental health professionals. Effective information on mental health requires deep messaging and medical recom-mendations or statements, but from this research, it turns out that there is a touch of frivolity in the way television approaches mental health issues.

The First Amendment and Covid-19: Strategies for How to Control the Spread of Misinformation

[...]this manuscript takes a global approach and highlights strategies countries such as Amsterdam, Spain, and the Europe Union have implemented to combat the spread of false information. According to Mello (2022), in 2012 the Supreme Court heard a case, "invalidating a law that criminalized lying about receiving military medals, the Supreme Court refused to hold that false statements lie wholly outside First Amendment protection" (p. 1). Furthermore, in the first quarter of 2020, Fox News averaged 3.4 million total primetime viewers, compared to 1.9 million for MSNBC and 1.4 million for CNN. Because the average age for a Fox News viewer is over 65, and the network averages the largest viewership of all news outlets, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) believed that Fox News' messaging may have left its audience at a higher risk of contracting Covid-19. [...]of the circulation of fake news (FN), the most frequent complaint about getting vaccinated against Covid-19 was the fear of experiencing side effects;this led people to question the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine.