ABSTRACT
Even before the COVID-19 pandemic forced the American school system into various forms of distance learning, remote learning schools were a small but growing segment of the educational system within the United States. This causal-comparative quantitative study examined demographic variables to assess differences in K-12 teachers' views of their administrator's leadership skills in remote school settings. The sample population of credentialed California public charter school teachers (n = 449) completed the Adapted Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) about the leadership abilities of their remote working administrator. Transformational leadership served as the theoretical foundation of this study though transactional and laissez-faire leadership were included. The literature review identified significant research on transformational leadership within K-12 education and leadership in remote or virtual workplaces. However, a gap in the literature exists on leadership in remote K12 school settings. No prior studies explored teacher demographics' role in impacting teacher views of their remote school administrator. Research methods included statistical analysis using t-test, Mann-Whitney, and ANOVA statistical tests. Study results found that neither teacher gender nor race nor years of experience as a teacher made a statistically significant difference (p < .05) in how teachers view their administrator. The application of findings recommends additional research on different demographics using different sample populations. Implications from the research include increasing the preparation and professional development of educators desiring to work in remote school environments. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
AIM: To examine and summarize the reported association of nurse managers' transformational leadership and quality of patient care based on the perceptions of registered nurses. BACKGROUND: Transformational leadership behaviors of nurse managers result in staff nurses' satisfaction and retention and patient satisfaction. Patient safety and quality of care are vital to high-performing healthcare organizations. Perceptions of registered nurses are important because nurses are frontline healthcare providers fundamental to patient safety and quality of care and are considered the final line of defense in preventing adverse events and errors and improving the safety of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched the CINAHL, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases for evidence published between 2018 and 2022 in the English language. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in carrying out this meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine quantitative studies were appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists and were included in the final review that involved a total sample of 3633 registered nurses. The included studies were reported across Asian, Middle East, and European countries within the past five years. The association between the transformational leadership behaviors of nurse managers and the quality of patient care was found in varying degrees (i.e., insignificant, weak, indirect, and strong direct association) based on the perceptions of registered nurses. CONCLUSIONS: There is a direct and indirect association between the transformational leadership behaviors of nurse managers and the quality of patient care internationally. This association is influenced by confounding and mediating factors, including gender, organizational culture, structural empowerment, and job satisfaction. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICIES: Healthcare organizations need to support nursing leaders to have a stronger transformational leadership style by considering several factors that influence their leadership to improve the quality of patient care their staff nurses provide at the bedside.
Subject(s)
Nurse Administrators , Nursing Staff, Hospital , Humans , Europe , Health Personnel , Job Satisfaction , Leadership , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In May 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) added burn out to the list of occupational phenomena in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Soon thereafter, in March 2020, a global pandemic of SARS-COV-2 was declared. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interplay between transformational leadership, a proactive personality, employee proactive behaviors, and burn out in the field of physiotherapy during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. METHODS: Physiotherapists working at the Meuhedet Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) were asked to fill an online cross-sectional survey, in which they were asked to evaluate the transformational behavior of their manager and to assess their own burn out rate, degree of self-efficacy, proactive personality, and proactive behaviors. Eighty-one physical therapists (average age of 37.3 years (SD = 9.0)) responded to the survey, most of whom were female (67.9%, n = 55). RESULTS: Transformational leadership and proactive personality were negatively associated with occupational burn out (ß = -0.231, p < 0.05, ß = -0.243, p < 0.05, respectively) among physiotherapists. The effect of the interaction between transformational leadership and proactive personality on proactive behaviors at work was not significant. However, a strong, significant positive relationship was found between proactive personality and proactive behaviors (ß = 0.425, p < 0.001), and between self-efficacy and proactive behaviors (ß = 0.479, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This up-to-date survey of transformational leadership and proactive personality among physiotherapists highlights these traits' important impact on burn out and proactive behaviors during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. Furthermore, the transformational manager plays an important role in reducing burnout levels among physiotherapists, especially during a crisis such as the SARS-COV-2 pandemic.