ABSTRACT
To clarify the most suitable fish paste for preparing lion's head meatballs, this study investigated the effect of adding 6 different silver carp fish pastes: fresh unwashed (group 1-1), fresh washed (group 1-2), frozen unwashed without antifreeze agent (group 2-1), frozen washed without antifreeze agent (group 2-2), frozen unwashed with antifreeze agent (group 3-1), and frozen washed with antifreeze agent (group 3-2) on the basic nutrients, color, texture properties, waterholding capacity, sensory and flavor properties, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs) value, and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content of pork/fish composite meatballs. The results showed that the contents of protein and fat in meatballs from groups 2-1 and 2-2 were lower than those in groups 3-1 and 3-2, and the contents of water, protein and fat were 61.68%, 11.32% and 19.41% for group 2-1, and 62.45%, 11.09% and 19.33% for group 2-2, respectively. The gel properties, hardness, elasticity, cohesion, and sensory quality of groups 3-1 and 3-2 were significantly higher than those of groups 2-1 and 2-2 (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference compared with groups 1-1 and 1-2. The odor response value of groups 3 was lower than that of groups 1, and groups 3 had the highest sweetness value (3 039.66) and lowest bitterness value (534.59). The TBARs value and TVB-N content in groups 1-2, 2-2, and 3-2 (with washed fish paste) were significantly lower than those in groups 1-1, 2-1 and 3-1 (with unwashed fish paste) (P < 0.05). Since fresh fish paste is not easy to store and subject to spoilage, frozen washed fish paste with antifreeze agent can be used to produce composite meatballs.
ABSTRACT
Stress such as uncertainty about the future, including the problem of new coronavirus infection, is a very serious problem not only for physical health but also for mental health. It is certain that stress is one of the risk factors for developing mental disorders. We have found stress-responsive biomarker (stress marker) candidates through studies on the process from stress to disease onset. Recently, we have been trying to prove the stress-suppressing effect of aroma with brain factors. We analyzed how aroma affects behavioral changes due to stress and the expression of stress marker candidates in the brain. In this article, the data on aroma that we have accumulated so far will be introduced. Specifically, we will describe changes happened in experimental animals when they smelled coffee beans, lavender, cypress, a-pinene, and thyme linalool. When considering the biological effects of aroma, it is inevitable that not only the olfactory pathway but also odor molecules act through the bloodstream by nasal and transdermal absorption. The brain transferability of odor molecules may be a bottleneck in analyzing the biological effects of volatile components. Thus, we would like to discuss on this issue.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious respiratory disease that can be transmitted through human exhaled breath and has a huge impact on global public health. Early diagnosis of COVID-19 and isolation of positive cases have proven to be fundamental to containing the spread of infection. While polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods remain the gold standard for diagnosing COVID-19, the urgent need for rapid and large-scale diagnosis has promote to the development of alternative diagnosis methods. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have shown great potential as biomarkers for a variety of diseases. VOC profiles can be altered by the pathogen itself, host-pathogen interactions, or host immune responses during infection. Exhaled VOC-based detection technology provides a simple, rapid, non-invasive, and immediate diagnostic method that is expected to be a promising alternative for large-scale screening and ultimately optimizing COVID-19 prevention and control strategies. In here, we have reviewed the principle of VOC detection for COVID-19, the current research status, the existing shortcomings and the prospects.
ABSTRACT
This conference proceeding contains 39 articles that discuss various topics related to occupational health. Discussed are hypersensitivity among farmers, prescription eye wear among toy makers, COVID-19 and comorbidity, personal protective equipment among health care workers, arrhythmia and COVID-19 among industrial worker and migrant workers, volatile organic compound exposure in a testing laboratory, catastrophic health expenditure among construction workers, musculoskeletal disorder symptoms among optometrists, stress among commercial airline pilots, health care practitioners, and lab technicians, bio-aerosols and flour mill workers, among others.