Subject(s)
COVID-19/psychology , Mental Disorders/etiology , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , COVID-19/complications , Economic Recession , Humans , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/therapy , Physical Distancing , Quarantine/psychology , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
High turnover and understaffing are significant issues plaguing the healthcare system. Some of the leading reasons of turnover include child-bearing and -rearing, stress related to working, and health concerns. With the onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, this problem of turnover worsened due to increased risk of infection and escalating workload. This study aimed to clarify and validate the effect of burnout on intention to leave among full-time nursing professionals and the structural relationship with sense of coherence (SOC) and striving for work-life balance (S-WLB). Secondary analyses of data obtained from a previous study was carried out; a hypothesized model was tested for goodness of fit and a final model was developed. Burnout directly affected intention to leave (P < .001). It also affected intention to leave through SOC and S-WLB (P < .01); SOC lessened the effect of burnout on S-WLB, therefore reducing its impact on intention to leave. Effective strategies need to be developed to improve the SOC and WLB of nurses to alleviate the effects of burnout and thus reduce the likelihood of turnover. Improving their ability to grasp and deal with emergencies and ambiguous situations, as well as providing emotional and tangible support can be other ways to retain nursing professionals.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Nurses , Nursing Staff, Hospital , Sense of Coherence , Humans , Intention , Work-Life Balance , Job Satisfaction , Nursing Staff, Hospital/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
AIM: This study examines Pakistan nurses' emotional labour and stress in health care emergencies, specifically their emotional exhaustion and availability of support of organization and management to alleviate the effects. BACKGROUND: As COVID-19 pandemic has been declared a global outbreak and many countries have enacted medical emergencies, this has increased job demands and expected desired emotional expressions from frontline workers. Such high levels of job demand contribute to various stress reactions among employees. METHODS: Authors applied a longitudinal design, using an experimental approach, to collect data from 319 nurses serving in 107 government hospitals in Pakistan. The authors surveyed nurses at two time points with the interval of 3 months by using an online questionnaire tool. At one time, they asked nurses to report on emotional labour, stress and exhaustion. In the second phase, after providing supports (during interval phase) at different levels, the authors repeated the same scales from same participants in addition to instrumental support and coaching leadership. Data were processed using SPSS-Amos for elementary analysis and SPSS-process macro software for robustness and hypotheses testing. RESULTS: The findings indicate that job stress fully mediates the relationship between surface acting and emotional exhaustion in controlled phase and partially mediates in intervention phase. Furthermore, in intervention phase, instrumental support moderates and alleviates positive effects of emotional labour on job stress, and coaching leadership moderates and lessens positive effects of job stress on emotional exhaustion. CONCLUSION: This research concludes that health care organizations can alleviate emotional exhaustion caused by emotional labour and job stress amid emergencies by providing support at different levels: organizational and managerial. However, the effectiveness of these supports depends on high to low levels. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: This study demonstrates that to handle and support emotional labour and job stress to avoid emotional exhaustion in health care emergencies, organizational supports matter. Support at organizational level can include instrumental support. At managerial level, holding a coaching leadership style can foster external facets of management while uplifting the internal support qualities of confidence and self-awareness that improve the individuals' ability to lead; work with paradox and uncertainty.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Mentoring , Nurses , Occupational Stress , Humans , Leadership , Job Satisfaction , COVID-19/epidemiology , Emergencies , Pandemics , Occupational Stress/complications , Surveys and Questionnaires , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence and the associated factors of burnout among both healthcare workers (HCWs) and the general working population, which has not yet been unknown, using large-scale, nationwide data. DESIGN: Cross-sectional internet-based study. SETTING: Nationwide internet survey conducted between 8 and 26 February 2021 in Japan. PARTICIPANTS: Workers aged 20-64 years. We classified the workers as HCWs and the general working population. EXPOSURES: Demographic characteristics (age, sex and marital status), socioeconomic status (education, employment and income), health-related, work-related and industry-related factors (smoking, alcohol use, physical and psychiatric comorbidities, working hours, types of healthcare professionals, experience on the COVID-19 frontline and working industries). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Burnout defined as a score of ≥3 points on the Mini-Z Single-Item Burnout Scale. RESULTS: Of the included 12 650 workers, 1087 were HCWs. After inverse probability weighting on data from the 2016 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions, burnout in HCWs and the general working population was 33.5% (95% CI 29.2% to 38.0%) and 31.0% (95% CI 29.7% to 32.4%), respectively. In the weighted multivariable modified Poisson regression models, working 60 hours or more was associated with burnout in all workers (HCWs: prevalence ratio (PR) 2.52, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.76; general population: PR 1.26, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.48). Widowed/separated compared with married was associated with burnout only among HCWs (PR 1.69, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.47), whereas presence of physical or psychiatric comorbidities was associated with burnout among the general working population (PR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.28; and PR 1.65, 95% CI 1.45 to 1.87, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Burnout was prevalent in both HCWs and the general working population in Japan. Both common and specific risk factors were observed. Our findings highlight the need for the general workplace policy and targeted interventions for burnout prevention.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Japan/epidemiology , Pandemics , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Health Personnel/psychology , InternetABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive stress. Burnout weakens the energy of an individual which reduces productivity and leaves this individual helpless, hopeless, cynical, and resentful. Thus, an early diagnosis of this syndrome has to be done and ways to prevent the level of progression and complication of burnout syndrome has to be planned. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of self-supervised Jacobson's relaxation technique along with Bhastrika Pranayama in reducing the level of burnout among the work-from-home IT professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Thirty participants with burnout syndrome were randomly divided into two groups (15 participants in each group) using random allocation. The experimental group received Jacobson's relaxation technique along with Bhastrika Pranayama, whereas the control group received diaphragmatic breathing exercises and chest expansion exercises. Pre-test and post-test values using Maslach Burnout Inventory were used to interpret the results. RESULTS: Data collected were analyzed statistically by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. It shows that there is a significant reduction in the level of burnout in the experimental group when compared to the control group at a p-value of 0.001. CONCLUSION: From the results, it is concluded that Jacobson's relaxation technique along with diaphragmatic breathing exercises showed significant improvement in the reduction of burnout levels.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Humans , Pandemics , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/prevention & control , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Breathing ExercisesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The global spread of the COVID-19 virus caused unprecedented interruptions in medical education. This paper evaluates Relational Coordination (RC): communicating and relating for task integration; between the distinct stakeholders responsible for scheduling,delivering and receiving clinical teaching in the wake of the pandemic. METHODOLOGY: Using a cross-sectional design, the level of Relational Coordination was assessed between twelve groups within a Clinical Skills Program at a Medical School in the United Arab Emirates. It also measures three relevant mental health factors: namely, Job satisfaction, Work Engagement, and Burnout. RESULTS: Overall, RC scores were moderate (3.65 out of 5.00). Controlling for participants' position, RC was found to positively and significantly increase both job satisfaction (ß = 1.10, p < 0.001) and work engagement (ß = 0.78, p < 0.01)., Additionally, RC was significantly associated with lower burnout (ß = -0.56, p = 0.05). Fifty percent of participants experienced high job satisfaction, with a mean score of 5.0 out of 7.0, while 73% reported being enthusiastic about their job, with a mean score of 6.0 out of 7.0. About a third of participants (27%) reported feeling burnout. CONCLUSIONS: During times of disruption and crisis, medical education can benefit from higher levels of relational coordination. Our study shows the significant impact of relational coordination on mental health measures like job satisfaction and work engagement. To achieve the full potential and benefits of excellent levels of relational coordination in this program, we recommend six interventions focusing on improving communication, work processes, regular meetings, education innovations, capacity building, and the establishment of coaching and counseling programs for students and faculty.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Humans , Mental Health , Pandemics , COVID-19/epidemiology , Clinical Competence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Job Satisfaction , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/prevention & control , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Students , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 global pandemic has put health care professionals under immense pressure and hindered their ability to provide quality services. PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the professional quality of life (ProQOL) among Georgia nurse practitioners during the COVID-19 global pandemic. METHODOLOGY: The ProQOL survey was distributed to nurse practitioners in Georgia by the professional organization's listserv. Multiple analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyses were performed to assess differences between employment settings, geographic location, and other relevant demographic qualifiers and levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. RESULTS: Hundred nurse practitioners (NPs) (n = 100) responded to the survey. Ninety-one percent were female and ages 25-35 years. Male NPs showed higher rates of compassion fatigue and secondary traumatic stress. CONCLUSIONS: A ProQOL survey demonstrated increased burnout and secondary traumatic stress among frontline practitioners in Georgia due to increased workloads, feelings of inadequacy, fear of being infected by the virus, and prolonged exposure to deaths. IMPLICATIONS: Ensuring effective communication, team collaboration, emotional, adequate staffing, and psychological support can help reduce compassion fatigue among NPs.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Compassion Fatigue , Nurse Practitioners , Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Compassion Fatigue/etiology , Quality of Life/psychology , Pandemics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Job SatisfactionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In April 2020, Spain was the country with the highest number of patients infected by COVID-19 in Europe. The pressure on health care providers has had a direct impact on nurses and their mental health. AIM: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the causal relationship between resilience, acceptance, experiential avoidance, psychological inflexibility and burnout syndrome, all of which are measured with validated questionnaires. METHODS: This was designed as a transversal correlational study with nurses who worked during the acute phase of the pandemic in public hospitals in the Community of Madrid with patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in COVID-19 medical hospitalization units, emergency services and intensive care units. Google Forms was used to obtain an informed consent sheet, socio-demographic variables and the following questionnaires: 10 CD-Risk, Connor-Davidson Risk Resilience Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. RESULTS: The final sample included 375 nurses with a high number of consecutive days of direct exposure to an infected patient and a very high number of consecutive days without rest; almost 18% suffered from COVID-19. The nurses presented medium levels of resilience, medium levels of experiential avoidance and medium levels as measured for emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment and depersonalization. We also found a predictive correlation between all the dimensions of the burnout questionnaire in relation to the data obtained from the resilience questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: There is a direct and predictive relationship between the resilience that nurses had during the acute phase of the pandemic and their capacity for acceptance, experiential avoidance, psychological inflexibility and burnout syndrome. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The scores show the necessity to implement preventive measures to avoid fatal psychological consequences for nurses.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Resilience, Psychological , Humans , Spain/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Pandemics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
AIM: To examine the moderating effect of burnout on the relationship between nurses' competence, professional competence and professional values. BACKGROUND: There is a preponderance of burnout studies of nurses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about burnout's moderating influence on nurses' professionalism, competence and values during the ongoing pandemic. METHODS: This study used a correlational, cross-sectional design and convenience sampling to recruit 809 Saudi nurses employed in four government hospitals. Four self-report instruments were used to collect data from August 2021 to March 2022. Spearman Rho, structural equation modelling and multi-group moderation analysis were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: Most of the participants had high burnout. There was a moderate to high correlation between the dimensions of professional competence, nurse professional values, burnout and nurse competence. Both professional competence and nurse professional values significantly affected nurse competence. Nurse professional values also had a direct effect on professional competence. Professional competence and nurse professional values on nurse competence may vary among those with low, moderate and high levels of burnout, suggesting the moderating effect of burnout. CONCLUSIONS: The positive impacts of nurse professional values and professional competence on nursing competence were validated in this study, as was the evidence of burnout's moderating effect on the studied connections. To avoid burnout, it is necessary to increase organizational knowledge and support for nurses, their working conditions and the environment through strategies that promote well-being and empowerment. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse managers can implement policies to help nurses minimize burnout and improve their professional values and competence. Management policies may be considered include increased staffing, opportunities to improve technical abilities through education and vocational training programs, and increased diversity of job assignments.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Nurses , Humans , Pandemics , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Latent Class Analysis , Professionalism , COVID-19/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Job Satisfaction , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
AIM: To identify groups of nurses engaging in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) care who are most in need of organizational support. BACKGROUND: Overwhelming stress and susceptibility to burnout have been reported in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Nurses working at five hospitals that accepted COVID-19 patients answered the questionnaire. The Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic, Self-Diagnosis Check List for Assessment of Workers' Accumulated Fatigue and Japanese Burnout Scale were evaluated. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between engaging in COVID-19 care and psychosocial/physical burden. RESULTS: In total, 895 questionnaires were analysed. With experience in caring for COVID-19 patients as the independent variable, nurses caring for suspected cases had significantly higher standardized Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic scores for 'concerns for infection' (standardized partial regression coefficient ß = .921, P = .004), Assessment of Workers' Accumulated Fatigue (ß = .445, P = .022) and Japanese Burnout Scale 'emotional exhaustion' (ß = .136, P = .021) than those caring for confirmed cases. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses caring for suspected COVID-19 patients have the highest psychological/physical burden and propensity for burnout. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Extensive support systems are required for nurses caring for confirmed and suspected COVID-19 cases.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Burnout, Psychological/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fatigue/etiology , Humans , Nurse's Role , Pandemics , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between burnout levels and caring behaviours in intensive care nurses in Turkey, and the affecting factors. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY/DESIGN: The research was conducted as a descriptive, cross-sectional and multi-centred study. SETTING: In this study, an online questionnaire was applied in April and May 2021, using Google Form. A total of 460 intensive vare nurses responded to the questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and care behaviours with the Caring Behaviours Inventory-24. RESULTS: The nurses reported a high level of emotional exhaustion (73.9%) and depersonalization (52.2%), and a medium level of personal accomplishment (40%). The nurses' levels of perception of care quality were high (5.4 ± 0.6). It was found that their highest score on the subdimensions was on knowledge and skills (5.6 ± 0.5), and the lowest was on connectedness (5.2 ± 0.7). There was a very weak, respectively weak correlation, between nurses' emotional exhaustion (r = -0.1), respectively depersonalization (r = -0.2), and poor care behaviours. There was a strong correlation between low personal accomplishment scores and poor care behaviours (r = 0.8). It was found that the mean scores of the nurses' exhaustion and care behaviours varied according to many descriptive characteristics, such as education, age, professional experience, the unit where they worked, communication difficulties, living conditions and whether they had chosen nursing willingly. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that the level of personal accomplishment, is the only subscale reflecting risk of burnout, that strongly correlates with care behaviour.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , Nurses , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Critical Care , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE: Job burnout is an essential topic for researchers and a pressing issue for employers and employees. However, the most popular tool has become widely critiqued, and a new measure of burnout - the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) - is used here. The BAT is helpful because it provides a cut-off threshold score representing high burnout risk. This study provides one of the first BAT studies post Covid-19 pandemic and focuses on comparing high burnout risk rates between essential and non-essential workers after the first lockdown in New Zealand (May 2020). METHODS AND RESULTS: Using representative data from 955 employees across a wide range of occupations, sectors, and industries, we calculate an overall burnout risk of 11.1%, with essential workers higher (14%) than non-essential workers (9%). The odds ratios of burnout risk and having high levels of mental health complaints were 10-20 times higher for burnout risk workers. For essential workers, they were significantly higher for high job depression risk (35 times). Building on these results, to develop a deeper understanding of the factors contributing to burnout risk, we report on a qualitative analysis of comments (n = 213) provided by essential workers on their lockdown work experiences. CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide evidence that while a range of (1) health-related concerns (i.e., increased risk of getting and spreading covid) and (2) employee- and employer-specific pressures related to challenging lockdown work practices contribute to essential worker burnout risk, an unwavering sense of pride and purpose in the value of their essential work serves to reduce this risk. We discuss the implications, highlighting the unique issues facing essential workers.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Burnout, Psychological/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Communicable Disease Control , Health Personnel/psychology , Humans , New Zealand/epidemiology , PandemicsABSTRACT
AIM: To explore the concept of vicarious trauma (VT) and clarify its fundamental meaning and distinctiveness as a psychological phenomenon experienced by nurses. BACKGROUND: The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has incited significant psychological distress on nursing professionals worldwide. There is growing knowledge of the negative outcomes of this distress including the manifestation of nursing burnout syndrome, compassion fatigue, and vicarious traumatization (VT). These concepts have often been used interchangeably throughout nursing discourse creating confusion surrounding their uses and unique attributes. DESIGN: Walker and Avant's method of concept analysis. RESULTS: VT is a psychological phenomenon that causes a permanent cognitive shift in the inner experience and world views of nurses after prolonged empathetic engagement with a patient's trauma. VT manifests as physical and emotional symptoms of distress, which can disrupt a nurses ability to provide competent care. Contradictions within the literature exist when defining VT, burnout syndrome, and compassion fatigue, creating difficulty identifying attributes and consequences unique to VT. CONCLUSION: More empiric rigor is needed to adequately operationalize VT. Given the traumatic nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, immediate policy and education attention should be directed towards understanding the relationship between nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic and the prevalence of VT.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Compassion Fatigue , Psychological Distress , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Compassion Fatigue/etiology , Humans , PandemicsABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this work is to examine staffing, personal protective equipment (PPE) adequacy and physical exhaustion that contributed to burnout and intent to leave among hospital nurses during the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. BACKGROUND: Burnout is associated with adverse nurse and patient outcomes. Identifying the magnitude of burnout that occurred during the pandemic can prepare managers for the long-term mental health effects on nurses. METHODS: A cross-sectional, electronic survey was administered to examine perceptions of burnout and intent to leave among all New Jersey hospital nurses from October 6 to October 26, 2020. RESULTS: A total of 3030 nurses responded with 64.3% reporting burnout and 36.5% reporting intent to leave the hospital within a year. There was a significant association between high levels of burnout and intent to leave (χ2 = 329.4; p = .001). There was no association between staffing and burnout; however, reporting inadequate PPE (OR = 1.77 [95% CI: 1.34-2.34]) and physical exhaustion (OR = 3.89 [95% CI: 3.19-4.76]) remained predictors of burnout among nurses. CONCLUSION: Inadequate PPE and physical exhaustion coupled with short staffing contributed to burnout and intent to leave. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Managers should continue to utilize evidence-based mental health interventions and advocate within their nursing professional organizations for relief funds to reduce burnout.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Nurses , Nursing Staff, Hospital , Burnout, Professional/complications , Burnout, Professional/etiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fatigue/complications , Hospitals , Humans , Job Satisfaction , New Jersey/epidemiology , Nursing Staff, Hospital/psychology , Pandemics , Surveys and Questionnaires , Workplace/psychologyABSTRACT
Physician fatigue, also known as burnout, is a highly prevalent but often underrecognized result of workplace stressors. The consequences of burnout can include poor work-life integration, isolation, depression, and suicide. As a result, an organization may experience high physician turnover, patient safety issues, malpractice suits, and financial losses. Physicians should be encouraged to play a role in their wellness by taking mental time away from work, pursuing hobbies, attending wellness programs, and ensuring quality time with family. Ultimately, it is an organization that must acknowledge physician burnout, identify risk factors, and invest in targeted interventions to prevent this immense threat to their stability.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , Physicians , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Fatigue/etiology , HumansABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this research is to establish and evaluate the frequency of anxiety, burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder in health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic according to the degree of exposure in three public healthcare facilities with different levels of complexity in Buenos Aires, Argentina. METHODS: Multicenter, prospective, analytical study. The sample was taken through a three-step voluntary and anonymous online form with three invento- ries: Gad 7, Maslach Inventory and Davidson Trauma Scale and a self-perceived risk questionnaire. RESULTS: In a total sample of n=1391, a higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms (mild: M=41%; moderate to severe: M=27%) and sleep difficulties (M=73%) was found, while levels of post-traumatic stress (M=36%) and burnout remained lower (M=19%). While the chi-square tests indicated associations between job positions with higher exposure and the presence of symptoms, the logistic regression models indicated that the professionals in training and those who reported higher levels of self-perceived risk showed a greater presence of psychological symptoms. DISCUSSION: The self-perception of risk is an important factor when considering the presence of symptoms, regardless of the actual degree of exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Measures to promote mental well-being in healthcare workers must be implemented immediately and sustained over time, especially in young people, females and frontline workers.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Adolescent , Anxiety/epidemiology , Anxiety/etiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Female , Health Personnel/psychology , Hospitals , Humans , Pandemics , Prospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/etiologyABSTRACT
AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of burnout risk among nurses during the peak of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium and to identify risk groups and protective and risk factors. BACKGROUND: Nurses are at high risk of burnout, and this can have negative consequences for them, patients and health care systems. The pandemic may have changed their working conditions and increased their risk of burnout. METHODS: The risk of burnout was assessed through the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale. Information on socio-demographic and working conditions during the pandemic was also collected. We obtained 4552 respondents through convenience sampling. RESULTS: A high risk of burnout was found in 70% of respondents. The main risk factors of burnout were the lack of personal protective equipment, changes in perceived workload and working with COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS: An uneven workload for nurses is an underlying problem during the COVID-19 pandemic and a significant risk factor for their burnout. The decreased workload is a risk factor for burnout as important as increased workload and repeated exposure to COVID-19. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Burnout prevention and treatment interventions must target the correct risk factors and identify nurses at risk to be cost-effective.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Belgium/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Burnout, Professional/etiology , Burnout, Psychological/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Pandemics , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
AIMS: This study aimed to investigate professional quality of life (ProQOL) in nurses who were fighting against COVID-19 in Wuhan and its related factors. BACKGROUND: COVID-19 epidemic is a major threat to public health. Frontline nurses have engaged in infection prevention and control, isolation, containment and public health. However, available data on ProQOL in these nurses are limited. METHODS: From 15 to 21 March 2020, the Chinese version of ProQOL was utilized to survey a total of 102 nurses through an electronic questionnaire. The stepwise regression analysis was performed to determine which factors (e.g. demographic and work-related factors) were related to ProQOL. RESULTS: The scores of compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) were 38.09 ± 5.22, 21.77 ± 4.92 and 20.75 ± 6.27, respectively. The STS and CS scores were higher than the critical value. None of the nurses reported a low level of CS or a high level of BO and STS. Nurses' ProQOL was related to working hours, workload, job satisfaction and salary satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses who were fighting against COVID-19 had better CS and BO, whereas STS was relatively worse. Nurses who worked for long hours had more severe STS. BO of nurses with heavy workload and dissatisfaction with their salary was more severe. Nurses who were unsatisfied with their job had poor CS. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: It is believed that these results may help nurse managers to improve ProQOL of nurses who were fighting against COVID-19 by minimizing working hours, reducing workload and improving job satisfaction and rewards.