ABSTRACT
With multiple virus epicenters, COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Consequently, many countries have implemented different policies to manage this crisis including curfew and lockdown. However, the efficacy of individual policies remains unclear with respect to COVID-19 case development. We analyzed available data on COVID-19 cases of eight majorly affected countries, including China, Italy, Iran, Germany, France, Spain, South Korea, and Japan. Growth rates and doubling time of cases were calculated for the first 6 weeks after the initial cases were declared for each respective country and put into context with implemented policies. Although the growth rate of total confirmed COVID-19 cases in China has decreased, those for Japan have remained constant. For European countries, the growth rate of COVID-19 cases considerably increased during the second time interval. Interestingly, the rates for Germany, Spain, and France are the highest measured in the second interval and even surpass the numbers in Italy. Although the initial data in Asian countries are encouraging with respect to case development at the initial stage, the opposite is true for European countries. Based on our data, disease management in the 2 weeks following the first reported cases is of utmost importance.
Subject(s)
Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Asia/epidemiology , COVID-19 , Communicable Disease Control , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Europe/epidemiology , Humans , Pandemics/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Quarantine/organization & administration , SARS-CoV-2 , Time Factors , World Health OrganizationSubject(s)
Administrative Personnel , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Pandemics/prevention & control , Pandemics/statistics & numerical data , Policy Making , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Research Personnel , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , Humans , Investments , Public Health/instrumentation , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/diagnosis , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control , TaiwanABSTRACT
Pathogen samples and scientific data are bargaining chips in a global argument about who gets what in a pandemic.
Subject(s)
Health Policy , Information Dissemination , International Cooperation , International Law , World Health Organization , COVID-19 , COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution , Global Health , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Information Dissemination/legislation & jurisprudence , Pandemics , Public HealthSubject(s)
Civil Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , COVID-19/prevention & control , Constitution and Bylaws , Federal Government , Humans , Mandatory Programs/legislation & jurisprudence , State Government , United StatesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Preliminary data suggest that opioid-related overdose deaths have increased subsequent to COVID-19. Despite national support for expanding the role of physician assistants (PAs) and NPs in serving patients with opioid use disorder, these clinicians are held to complex and stringent regulatory barriers. COVID-19 triggered significant changes from regulatory and federal agencies, yet disparate policies and regulations persist between physicians and PAs and NPs. The dual epidemics of COVID-19 and opioid use disorder highlight the inadequate infrastructure required to support patients, communities, and clinicians, and may serve as the catalyst for eliminating barriers to care.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Health Services Accessibility/legislation & jurisprudence , Opioid-Related Disorders/drug therapy , Opioid-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Buprenorphine/therapeutic use , COVID-19/prevention & control , Drug Prescriptions , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Legislation, Drug , Narcotic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Nurse Practitioners/legislation & jurisprudence , Opioid Epidemic , Physician Assistants/legislation & jurisprudence , Physicians/legislation & jurisprudence , SARS-CoV-2 , Telemedicine , United States/epidemiologySubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage , COVID-19/prevention & control , Mandatory Programs/legislation & jurisprudence , State Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Vaccination/legislation & jurisprudence , COVID-19/economics , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19 Vaccines/economics , England/epidemiology , Government Employees/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Policy/economics , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Mandatory Programs/economics , Mandatory Programs/standards , State Medicine/standards , Vaccination/economics , Vaccination/standardsSubject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , Health Policy , Public Health/methods , Public Health/trends , Quarantine/methods , SARS-CoV-2 , Athletes/legislation & jurisprudence , Beijing/epidemiology , Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies/immunology , COVID-19/immunology , COVID-19/transmission , COVID-19 Testing , COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage , COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology , China/epidemiology , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Policy/trends , Holidays , Humans , Immunization, Secondary/statistics & numerical data , Quarantine/statistics & numerical data , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Seasons , Sports , Travel/legislation & jurisprudenceSubject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , State Medicine/organization & administration , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/transmission , Humans , Pandemics/prevention & control , Politics , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , State Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , United Kingdom/epidemiologySubject(s)
Biomedical Research/organization & administration , COVID-19/prevention & control , Communicable Disease Control/organization & administration , Public Health Practice , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19 Serological Testing , COVID-19 Vaccines , Communicable Disease Control/methods , Data Systems , Government Regulation , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Immunization, Secondary , Public Health Administration/legislation & jurisprudence , Public Health Administration/standards , United States , Vaccination/statistics & numerical dataSubject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Masks , Pandemics/prevention & control , Schools , State Government , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/transmission , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Evidence-Based Medicine , Humans , SARS-CoV-2 , United States/epidemiologySubject(s)
COVID-19/mortality , Communications Media/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Access to Information/legislation & jurisprudence , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/virology , Communication , Communications Media/statistics & numerical data , Freedom , Health Policy/trends , Humans , Repression, Psychology , SARS-CoV-2/geneticsSubject(s)
COVID-19 Testing , COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage , COVID-19/prevention & control , Federal Government , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Occupational Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Politics , Humans , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , United States , World Health OrganizationSubject(s)
COVID-19/mortality , Delivery of Health Care/economics , Healthcare Disparities/ethnology , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/virology , COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution , Female , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Male , Models, Structural , Racism , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical dataSubject(s)
Conservation of Natural Resources/legislation & jurisprudence , International Cooperation/legislation & jurisprudence , Negotiating/methods , Pandemics/prevention & control , Animals , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19/virology , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Prospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2/geneticsABSTRACT
An acceleration index is proposed as a novel indicator to track the dynamics of COVID-19 in real-time. Using data on cases and tests in France for the period between the first and second lock-downs-May 13 to October 25, 2020-our acceleration index shows that the pandemic resurgence can be dated to begin around July 7. It uncovers that the pandemic acceleration was stronger than national average for the [59-68] and especially the 69 and older age groups since early September, the latter being associated with the strongest acceleration index, as of October 25. In contrast, acceleration among the [19-28] age group was the lowest and is about half that of the [69-78]. In addition, we propose an algorithm to allocate tests among French "départements" (roughly counties), based on both the acceleration index and the feedback effect of testing. Our acceleration-based allocation differs from the actual distribution over French territories, which is population-based. We argue that both our acceleration index and our allocation algorithm are useful tools to guide public health policies as France might possibly enter a third lock-down period with indeterminate duration.