Résumé
<b>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to compare the odontogenic and tonsillar origins of deep neck infection (DNI) as a negative prognostic factor for developing complications. </br></br> <b>Methods:</b> This was a retrospective study of 544 patients with tonsillar and odontogenic origins of DNI treated between 2006 and 2015 at 6 ENT Departments and Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Complications from DNI (descending mediastinitis, sepsis, thrombosis of the internal jugular vein, pneumonia, and pleuritis) were evaluated in both groups and compared. Associated comorbidities (cardiovascular involvement, hepatopathy, diabetes mellitus respiratory involvement, gastroduodenal involvement) were reviewed. </br></br> <b>Results:</b> Five hundred and forty-four patients were analyzed; 350/544 males (64.3%) and 19/544 females (35.7%). There were 505/544 cases (92.8%) with an odontogenic origin and 39/544 cases (7.2%) with a tonsillar origin of DNI. Complications occurred more frequently in the group with tonsillar origin of DNI (P < 0.001). There was no difference in diabetes mellitus between the two groups. </br></br> <b>Conclusions:</b> Currently, the tonsillar origin of DNI occurs much less frequently; nevertheless, it carries a much higher risk of developing complications than cases with an odontogenic origin. We recommend that these potentially high-risk patients with a tonsillar origin of deep neck infections should be more closely monitored.
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Médiastinite , Cou , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Médiastinite/étiologie , Cou/chirurgie , Tonsille palatine , Pronostic , Études rétrospectivesSujets)
COVID-19 , Fragilité , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Études transversales , Femelle , Fragilité/épidémiologie , Humains , Mâle , Pandémies , Phénotype , SARS-CoV-2Résumé
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate the available literature regarding effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on newborns, ranging from effects related to in utero and perinatal exposure to maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, to pandemic-related stress and socioeconomic changes. RECENT FINDINGS: Several large studies and national registries have shown that the risk of vertical transmission from SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers to newborns is rare and does not appear to be related to postnatal care policies such as mother-newborn separation and breastfeeding. Newborns exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero are at higher risk for preterm delivery for reasons still under investigation. When newborns do acquire SARS-CoV-2 infection, their disease course is usually mild. Long-term follow-up data are lacking, but preliminary reports indicate that, similarly to prior natural disasters, being born during the pandemic may be associated with developmental risk. SUMMARY: Although risk of vertical or perinatal transmission is low across a range of postnatal care practices, early indicators suggest developmental risk to the generation born during the pandemic. Long-term follow-up data are critically needed to determine the developmental impact of in utero and early life exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic.
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COVID-19 , Complications infectieuses de la grossesse , Femelle , Humains , Nouveau-né , Transmission verticale de maladie infectieuse/prévention et contrôle , Pandémies , Grossesse , Complications infectieuses de la grossesse/épidémiologie , Complications infectieuses de la grossesse/prévention et contrôle , SARS-CoV-2Sujets)
COVID-19 , Pneumopathie infectieuse , Études cas-témoins , Femelle , Humains , Nouveau-né , Grossesse , Femmes enceintes , SARS-CoV-2Sujets)
Betacoronavirus , Infections à coronavirus/complications , Infections à VIH/complications , Pneumopathie virale/complications , Sujet âgé , COVID-19 , Infections à coronavirus/anatomopathologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Pandémies , Pneumopathie virale/anatomopathologie , SARS-CoV-2Résumé
INTRODUCTION: Although coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been associated with gastrointestinal manifestations, its effect on the pancreas remains unclear. We aimed to assess the frequency and characteristics of hyperlipasemia in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients across 6 US centers with COVID-19. RESULTS: Of 71 patients, 9 (12.1%) developed hyperlipasemia, with 2 (2.8%) greater than 3 times upper limit of normal. No patient developed acute pancreatitis. Hyperlipasemia was not associated with poor outcomes or symptoms. DISCUSSION: Although a mild elevation in serum lipase was observed in some patients with COVID-19, clinical acute pancreatitis was not seen.
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Infections à coronavirus/épidémiologie , Triacylglycerol lipase/sang , Pancréatite/épidémiologie , Pneumopathie virale/épidémiologie , Douleur abdominale/épidémiologie , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Anorexie/épidémiologie , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Études de cohortes , Infections à coronavirus/sang , Diarrhée/épidémiologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Nausée/épidémiologie , Pancréatite/sang , Pancréatite/imagerie diagnostique , Pandémies , Pneumopathie virale/sang , Études rétrospectives , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomodensitométrie , États-Unis/épidémiologie , Vomissement/épidémiologieRésumé
BACKGROUND: Given the magnitude of the global COVID-19 pandemic, persons living with HIV (PLWH) may become coinfected with SARS-CoV-2. SETTING: We conducted a survey in Wuhan, China, to characterize the status of coinfected PLWH, their time to clinical improvement, and clinical prognoses. METHODS: Using a Wuhan shipping service for antiretroviral medications, the Wuhan LGBT Center screened 2900 PLWH shipping addresses and cross-referenced 36 of them to quarantine sites or hospitals, suggesting possible COVID-19 cases. Through telephone calls and WeChat (social media) messaging, we conducted a survey after obtaining online informed consent. RESULTS: We had 12 HIV-infected respondents (10 men and 2 women) who also reported COVID-19. The median age was 36 years (interquartile range: 33.0-56.3), mean age 42.4 years, and range 25-66 years of age. Nine of 10 persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) presented with only mild COVID-19 symptoms. The 10th person on ART was a 56-year-old man who died at home early in the outbreak when health care services were overwhelmed. Two additional cases who had been in intensive care with acute COVID-19 were both men, aged 25 and 37 years; both were ART-naive until this hospitalization. Excluding the deceased man, 6 of 11 coinfected persons reported feeling depressed even after clinical improvements. CONCLUSION: Twelve coinfected persons were identified in Wuhan; 9 of 10 were on long-term ART and had favorable outcomes. Two men identified as having started ART only recently were found to have severe symptoms. Our case series suggests the value of ART for potential mitigation of COVID-19 coinfection.
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Betacoronavirus , Co-infection/épidémiologie , Infections à coronavirus/complications , Infections à coronavirus/épidémiologie , Infections à VIH/complications , Infections à VIH/épidémiologie , Pneumopathie virale/complications , Pneumopathie virale/épidémiologie , Adulte , Sujet âgé , COVID-19 , Chine/épidémiologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Pandémies , SARS-CoV-2Résumé
Resumen Introducción: Datos de varios países del mundo sugieren que los niños con COVID-19 podrían presentar síntomas diferentes y menos graves que los adultos. Sin embargo, los patrones epidemiológicos y clínicos en este grupo poblacional son poco claros. Métodos: El presente es un estudio observacional, con una caracterización inicial transversal-analítica, y con un componente longitudinal o de seguimiento a un grupo de menores con sospecha y/o diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19, que presentaron desenlaces como mejoría, traslado a un nivel superior de atención o defunción por sintomatología respiratoria. Los niños recibieron atención médica en el Hospital General Regional con Medicina Familiar N.° 1 (HGR C/MF N.° 1), y se les realizó prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (RT-PCR). Resultados: Se estudiaron 98 niños como casos sospechosos para COVID-19, a quienes se les realizó RT-PCR. Del total, 24 resultaron positivos y 74 fueron negativos. La mediana de edad de los participantes fue 64,4 meses (0 a 203 meses), 55 menores eran de sexo masculino, 59 niños tuvieron manejo ambulatorio, y de estos, 14 presentaron resultado positivo. Entre los que requirieron manejo hospitalario (39), 10 niños dieron positivo para SARS-CoV-2, 84,7% alcanzaron mejoría y fueron dados de alta, 4 fueron trasladados a hospitales de nivel superior de atención. De los 98 niños en estudio, 11 fallecieron, 7 con resultado negativo y 4 con resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2. Conclusiones: Los principales síntomas de la población pediátrica en este estudio fueron fiebre, tos y malestar general. De los niños que fallecieron, 4 presentaron resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2, no obstante, estos presentaban otras comorbilidades.
Abstract Introduction: Data from several countries around the world suggest that children with COVID-19 may present different and less severe symptoms than adults. However, the epidemiological and clinical patterns in this population group have been unclear. Methods: This is an observational study, with an initial cross-analytical characterization, and with a longitudinal or follow-up component in a group of minors with suspected and or confirmed case of COVID-19, which have outcomes such as improvement, transfer to a higher level of care or death due to respiratory symptoms. The children received medical attention at the Regional General Hospital with Family Medicine No 1 (HGR C / MF No 1), and underwent a Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction test (RT-PCR). Results: 98 children were studied as suspected cases for COVID-19, who underwent RT-PCR. Of the total 24 were positive and 74 were negatives. The median age was 64.4 months (0 to 203 months), 55 minors were male, 59 children had outpatient management, and of these, 14 had a positive result. Among those who required hospital management (39), 10 children were positive for SARS-CoV-2, 84.7% achieved improvement and were discharged, and four were transferred to a higher level of care hospital. Of the 98 children in the study, 11 died, seven had a negative result and four a positive result for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions: The main symptoms of the pediatric population in this study were fever, cough and general discomfort. Four of those who died had a positive result for SARS-CoV-2, however, they had other comorbidities.
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Nouveau-né , Nourrisson , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Adolescent , Enfant , Mortalité , Multimorbidité , COVID-19 , MexiqueRésumé
Introduction: there are reports of autoimmune disease related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) such neurological syndromes and hematological syndromes, and more recently autoimmune thyroid dysfunctions have been described. These reports suggest that SARS-CoV-2 acts as a probable trigger for triggering the autoimmunity process. Aim: to evaluate structural similarity between thyroid peroxidase [Homo sapiens] (TPO) and SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (COVID-19), and to propose this similarity as a likely trigger for autoimmune thyroiditis. Methodology: using bioinformatics tools, we compare the amino acids (AA) sequences between protein structure of TPO and chain A COVID-19, chain B COVID-19, and chain C COVID-19, accessible in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool in order to locate the homologous regions between the sequences of AA. Results: the homology sequence between the TPO and COVID-19 ranged from 27.0 % (10 identical residues out of 37 AA in the sequence) to 56.0% (5 identical residues out of 9 AA in the sequence). The similar alignments demonstrated relatively high E values in function of short alignment. Conclusion: data suggest a possible pathological link between TPO and COVID-19. The structural similarity of AA sequences between TPO and COVID-19 may present a molecular mimicry suggesting the possibility of antigen crossover between TPO and COVID-19 that might represent an immunological basis for autoimmune thyroiditis associated with COVID-19.
Introdução: há relatos de doenças autoimunes relacionadas à síndrome respiratória aguda grave por coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), tais como síndromes neurológicas e hematológicas, e mais recentemente disfunções autoimunes da tireoide foram descritas. Esses relatos sugerem que o SARS-CoV-2 atue como um provável gatilho para desencadear o processo de autoimunidade. Objetivo: avaliar a similaridade estrutural entre a peroxidase tireoidiana [Homo sapiens] (TPO) e a glicoproteína de superfície SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) e propor essa similaridade como provável gatilho para o desencadeamento da tireoidite autoimune. Metodologia: utilizando ferramentas de bioinformática, comparamos as sequências de aminoácidos (AA) entre a estrutura da TPO e a estrutura da cadeia A do COVID-19, a cadeia B do COVID-19 e a cadeia C do COVID-19, acessível no banco de dados do National Center for Biotechnology Information, através da Ferramenta Básica de Pesquisa de Alinhamento Local para localizar as regiões homólogas entre as sequências de AA. Resultados: a sequência de homologia entre o TPO e COVID-19 variou de 27,0% (10 resíduos idênticos em 37 AA nas sequências) a 56,0% (5 resíduos idênticos em 9 AA nas sequências). Os alinhamentos semelhantes demonstraram valores E relativamente altos em função do alinhamento curto. Conclusão: os dados sugerem uma possível ligação patológica entre TPO e COVID-19. A similaridade estrutural das sequências de AA entre TPO e COVID-19 pode apresentar um mimetismo molecular sugerindo a possibilidade de cruzamento de antígeno entre TPO e COVID-19 que podem representar uma base imunológica para tireoidite autoimune associada a COVID-19.
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Thyroïdite auto-immune , Myeloperoxidase , Mimétisme moléculaire , Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère , SARS-CoV-2Résumé
Objetivo: analisar as mudanças no processo de trabalho do Agente Comunitário de Saúde, entre os anos de 2019 e 2020, em meio ao cenário da pandemia da COVID-19. Metodologia: caracteriza-se por um estudo documental, quantitativo, do tipo ecológico, de série temporal. Os dados foram coletados na base de dados do Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica. As variáveis do estudo tratam-se de dados referentes às atividades do Agente Comunitário de Saúde quanto às atividades coletivas, visitas domiciliares e os indicadores de desempenho elencados pelo sistema. Os dados foram analisados no SPSS versão 24.0, por meio de um cálculo do percentual de variação (%V) entre os anos coletados. Logo após, foi realizado o Teste T de Student para verificar diferenças estatisticamente relevantes entre os anos avaliados (p<0,05). Resultados: quanto às atividades coletivas, houve redução significativa (p<0,001) de 51,1% entre os anos. As visitas domiciliares também apresentaram uma diminuição do percentual de variação (18,6%); já os indicadores de desempenho não demonstraram significativas mudanças. Conclusões: diante do estudado, as ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde foram as mais prejudicadas nesse cenário, sendo necessário um maior empenho do Poder Público para a melhoria desses indicadores.
Objective: to analyze the changes in the work process of the Community Health Agent, of the Family Health Strategy, between 2019 and 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic scenario. Methods: characterized by a documentary, quantitative, ecological study, with a time series. Data were collected from the database of the Health Information System for Primary Care. The study variables are data referring to the activities of the Community Health Agent regarding collective activities, home visits, and the performance indicators listed by the system. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0, by calculating the percentage of variation (%V) between the years collected. Soon after, the Student's T-test was performed to verify statistically relevant differences between the evaluated years (p<0.05). Results: regarding collective activities, there was a significant reduction (p<0.001) of 51.1% between the years. Home visits also showed a decrease in the percentage of variation (18.6%); performance indicators did not show significant changes. Conclusions:given the study, prevention, and health promotion actions were the most affected in this scenario, requiring greater efforts by the Government to improve these indicators.
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Humains , Femelle , Grossesse , Soins de santé primaires , Système de Santé Unifié , Agents de santé communautaire , Stratégies de Santé Nationales , COVID-19 , Études Écologiques , Études d'évaluation comme sujetRésumé
Resumen Introducción: La situación actual causada por el COVID-19 demanda la implementación de nuevas técnicas en el manejo anestésico y los riesgos preexistentes en los servicios quirúrgicos. Objetivo: Identificar las consideraciones anestésicas para pacientes con COVID-19 con el fin de sugerir intervenciones en el área quirúrgica. Metodología: Revisión integrativa de alcance descriptivo en conjunto con el cumplimiento de los pasos metodológicos de Whittemore-Knafl y los parámetros PRISMA. Se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos: PubMed, BVS, Coronavirus Research Database, SCOPUS, Elsevier y SAGE. Se obtuvieron 953 artículos que, junto a un análisis crítico por CASPe, cumplieron los criterios establecidos de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 27 artículos clasificados en: criterios de selección de técnica anestésica; anestesia general y el uso de medicamentos específicos para el manejo anestésico que disminuyan la tos y prevengan la liberación de aerosoles; manejo de la vía aérea encaminada a evitar intubaciones fallidas; anestesia regional y consideraciones de enfermería sobre la preparación de elementos y dispositivos de manera previa al ingreso del paciente al quirófano; identificación y monitorización de pacientes sintomáticos y asintomáticos durante el proceso perioperatorio. Conclusión: Con respecto a la técnica anestésica, es importante priorizar el uso, en cuanto sea posible, de la anestesia regional guiada con ultrasonido. En caso de requerirse la anestesia general, es recomendable mantener las precauciones para prevenir el contagio con el virus. Para enfermería, es destacable el rol en la preparación de un entorno quirúrgico seguro, del conocimiento sobre la técnica anestésica empleada y los cuidados individualizados según las necesidades requeridas.
Abstract Introduction: The current situation caused by COVID-19 demands the implementation of new techniques in anesthetic management and pre-existing risks in surgical services. Objective: to identify the anesthetic considerations for patients with COVID-19 to suggest interventions in the surgical area. Methodology: Integrative review of descriptive scope in conjunction with compliance with the methodological steps of Whittemore-Knafl and the PRISMA parameters. The search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, VHL, Coronavirus Research Database, SCOPUS, Elsevier, and SAGE. A total of 953 articles were obtained, which together with a critical analysis by CASPe, met the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Twenty-seven articles classified as: selection criteria for anesthetic techniques; general anesthesia and the use of specific medications for anesthetic management that reduce cough and prevent the release of aerosols; airway management to avoid failed intubations; regional anesthesia and nursing considerations in the preparation of elements and devices prior to the patient's admission to the operating room; identification and follow-up of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients during the perioperative process. Conclusion: Regarding the anesthetic technique, it is important to prioritize the use, as far as possible, of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. If general anesthesia is required, it is advisable to maintain precautions to prevent infection with the virus. For nursing, the role in preparing a safe surgical environment, knowledge of the anesthetic technique used and individualized care according to the required needs stand out.
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Chirurgie générale , Soins infirmiers périopératoires , COVID-19 , Anesthésie , Soins infirmiersRésumé
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed measures of social distancing and, during this time, there has been an elevation in cardiovascular mortality rates and a decrease in the number of emergency visits. Objectives To assess and compare in-hospital mortality for cardiovascular diseases and emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic and the same period in 2019. Methods Retrospective, single-center study that evaluated emergency visits and in-hospital deaths between March 16, 2020 and June 16, 2020, when the steepest fall in the number of emergency admissions for COVID-19 was registered. These data were compared with the emergency visits and in-hospital deaths between March 16 and June 16, 2019. We analyzed the total number of deaths, and cardiovascular deaths. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results There was a 35% decrease in the number of emergency visits and an increase in the ratio of the number of deaths to the number of emergency visits in 2020. The increase in the ratio of the number of all-cause deaths to the number of emergency visits was 45.6% and the increase in the ratio of the number of cardiovascular deaths to the number of emergency visits was 62.1%. None of the patients who died in the study period in 2020 tested positive for COVID-19. Conclusion In-hospital mortality for cardiovascular diseases increased proportionally to the number of emergency visits during the COVID-19-imposed social distancing compared with the same period in 2019. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Maladies cardiovasculaires/mortalité , Mortalité hospitalière , Service hospitalier d'urgences , Maladies cardiovasculaires/épidémiologie , Traitement d'urgence/statistiques et données numériques , Distanciation physique , COVID-19/complications , HospitalisationRésumé
Abstract Background In Brazil the factors involved in the risk of death in patients with COVID-19 have not been well established. Objective To analyze whether elevations of high-sensitivity troponin I (hTnI) levels influence the mortality of patients with COVID-19. Methods Clinical and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were collected upon hospital admission. Univariate and binary logistic regression analyzes were performed to assess the factors that influence mortality. P-value<0.05 was considered significant. Results This study analyzed192 patients who received hospital admission between March 16 and June 2, 2020 and who were discharged or died by July 2, 2020. The mean age was 70±15 years, 80 (41.7%) of whom were women. In comparison to those who were discharged, the 54 (28.1%) who died were older (79±12 vs 66±15years; P=0.004), and with a higher Charlson´s index (5±2 vs 3±2; P=0.027). More patients, aged≥60years (P <0.0001), Charlson´s index>1 (P=0.004), lung injury>50% in chest computed tomography (P=0.011), with previous coronary artery disease (P=0.037), hypertension (P=0.033), stroke (P=0.008), heart failure (P=0.002), lymphocytopenia (P=0.024), high D-dimer (P=0.024), high INR (P=0.003), hTnI (P<0.0001), high creatinine (P<0.0001), invasive mechanical ventilation (P<0.0001), renal replacement therapy (P<0.0001), vasoactive amine (P<0.0001), and transfer to the ICU (P=0.001), died when compared to those who were discharged. In logistic regression analysis, elevated hTnI levels (OR=9.504; 95% CI=1.281-70.528; P=0.028) upon admission, and the need for mechanical ventilation during hospitalization (OR=46.691; 95% CI=2.360-923.706; P=0.012) increased the chance of in-hospital mortality. Conclusion This study suggests that in COVID-19 disease, myocardial injury upon hospital admission is a harbinger of poor prognosis.
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Adulte d'âge moyen , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Jeune adulte , Troponine I/sang , COVID-19/mortalité , Myocardite/complications , Troubles du rythme cardiaque/complications , Troubles du rythme cardiaque/étiologie , Études rétrospectives , Études de cohortes , COVID-19/complicationsRésumé
Telemedicine has become indispensable in today's health care because of the recent ongoing COVID-19 crisis. Although it has been beneficial in coping with the pandemic, there is still much uncertainty as to whether it will have a permanent role in treating spine patients. Some of the ongoing legal challenges include patient confidentiality, liability coverage for treating healthcare workers, and financial reimbursements by insurance companies. One of the impediments of telemedicine is its lack of a standard legal framework. Telehealth is currently regulated through a state-based system with each state having its own policy regarding this practice. In addition, each of the components of a virtual visit represent a potential area for legal concerns. Nonetheless, telemedicine has the ability to provide convenient and effective health care to patients. However, the spine surgeon, as well as other physicians, must consider the legal issues along with some socioeconomic factors identified herein. Moreover, without parity and uniformity, the incentive to offer telehealth services decreases. There may be a need for modifications in the law, insurance policies, and medical malpractice coverage to strengthen their support to telemedicine usage. As spine surgeons become more familiarized with the telemedicine framework, its role in patient care will likely expand.
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COVID-19 , Chirurgiens , Télémédecine , Femelle , Humains , Grossesse , SARS-CoV-2 , Facteurs socioéconomiquesRésumé
Background: SARS-CoV2 vaccination efficiently prevents severe COVID-19, although hematological patients, particularly under therapy, respond less well. Besides vaccine efficacy, adherence to vaccination is essential for ensuring adequate protection of this vulnerable population. Methods: We evaluated the impact of a program aimed at maximizing patient adherence by comparing the rate of SARS-CoV2 vaccination of our hematological patients and a matched sample of the general population. Results: Vaccination rates were 88.9% among 2,156 patients, aged 65.2 ± 15.8 years (M ± SD, range 19-86 years). Rates differed considerably with age, i.e. 84.2% between 18-64 years and 92.4% above 65 years (p<0.0001), but not with sex. In the general population, rates were 76.3% overall, 73.0% between 18-64 and 86.7% above 65 years, all significantly lower than among patients, overall (Standardized Incidence ratio (SIR) 1.17; 95%CI 1.12-1.22, p<0.0001) as well as among younger (SIR 1.15; 1.07-1.24, p<0.0001) or older (SIR 1.06; 1.00-1.13, p=0.046) people. Vaccination rates increased to 92.2% overall (SIR 1.21; 1.16-1.27, p<0.0001), 88.5% in younger (SIR 1.21; 1.13-1.30, p<0.0001) and 94.8% in older (SIR 1.09; 1.03-1.12, p=0.0043) patients, after excluding those with medical contraindications, and further to 95.6% overall (SIR 1.26; 1.20-1.32, p<0.0001), 93.8% in younger (SIR 1.29; 1.20-1.38, p<0.0001) and 96.9% in older (SIR 1.11; 1.05-1.18, p=0.0004) patients, after excluding those not seen in hematology in 2021. Conclusions: Vaccination rates were significantly higher in hematological patients compared to the general population regardless of age, sex and municipality. Acceptance of Covid vaccines by hematological patients may be improved by targeted information campaigns carried out by trusted health care professionals.
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Vaccins contre la COVID-19 , Hémopathies , Adhésion et observance thérapeutiques , Vaccination , Sujet âgé , Humains , COVID-19/épidémiologie , COVID-19/prévention et contrôle , ARN viral , SARS-CoV-2 , Vaccination/statistiques et données numériques , Vaccins contre la COVID-19/administration et posologie , Adhésion et observance thérapeutiques/statistiques et données numériques , Mâle , Femelle , Jeune adulte , Adulte , Adulte d'âge moyen , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Hémopathies/thérapieRésumé
INTRODUCTION: While suicide rates did not change (or decreased) in the first pandemic year (i.e., 2020) in the majority of countries, in Hungary the number of completed suicides rose significantly. OBJECTIVE: In our study, we investigated whether the unfavourable trend reversal of the Hungarian suicide rate following the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic persisted in the second pandemic year. METHOD: We used an interrupted time-series analysis with Prais-Winsten regression, controlling for time and seasonal effects as well as autoregressive effects, to estimate the effect of the pandemic on the suicide rates of the Hungarian male, female and total populations in 2020 and 2021. RESULTS: In the first pandemic year, we observed a significant increase in suicide rates in males and the total population. Although the case numbers for males and the total population in 2021 exceeded the case numbers of the pre-pandemic year, regression estimates suggest that the increase in rates did not differ significantly from the pre-pandemic years in males and it was only found to be significant at the 10% level in the total population. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Based on the examination of data from the first two pandemic years, we may conclude that by 2021 the adverse effect of the pandemic on suicidality reduced in the total population and disappeared in males. The question remains open whether this favourable development will continue. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(48): 1895-1901.
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COVID-19 , Suicide , Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Pandémies , Hongrie/épidémiologie , Idéation suicidaireRésumé
The reorganization of treatment facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic has altered the working conditions of large numbers of the health workers (HW) worldwide. The implementation of professional activities in such realities has led to an increased risk of developing a number of psychological disorders, including insomnia. The percentage of insomnia in HW has increased significantly. The nurses were the most vulnerable, because they are women and they work in an understaffed environment. The influence of shift work and stress conditions on the risk of insomnia, methods of prevention and treatment of this disorder are thoroughly examined in the article.
Sujets)
COVID-19 , Troubles de l'endormissement et du maintien du sommeil , COVID-19/épidémiologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Pandémies , Troubles de l'endormissement et du maintien du sommeil/épidémiologie , Troubles de l'endormissement et du maintien du sommeil/étiologieRésumé
Intestinal bacteria may influence lung homeostasis via the gut-lung axis. We conducted a single-center, quadruple-blinded, randomized trial in adult symptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid19) outpatients. Subjects were allocated 1:1 to probiotic formula (strains Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KABP022, KABP023, and KAPB033, plus strain Pediococcus acidilactici KABP021, totaling 2 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU)) or placebo, for 30 days. Co-primary endpoints included: i) proportion of patients in complete symptomatic and viral remission; ii) proportion progressing to moderate or severe disease with hospitalization, or death; and iii) days on Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Three hundred subjects were randomized (median age 37.0 years [range 18 to 60], 161 [53.7%] women, 126 [42.0%] having known metabolic risk factors), and 293 completed the study (97.7%). Complete remission was achieved by 78 of 147 (53.1%) in probiotic group compared to 41 of 146 (28.1%) in placebo (RR: 1.89 [95 CI 1.40-2.55]; P < .001), significant after multiplicity correction. No hospitalizations or deaths occurred during the study, precluding the assessment of remaining co-primary outcomes. Probiotic supplementation was well-tolerated and reduced nasopharyngeal viral load, lung infiltrates and duration of both digestive and non-digestive symptoms, compared to placebo. No significant compositional changes were detected in fecal microbiota between probiotic and placebo, but probiotic supplementation significantly increased specific IgM and IgG against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) compared to placebo. It is thus hypothesized this probiotic primarily acts by interacting with the host's immune system rather than changing colonic microbiota composition. Future studies should replicate these findings and elucidate its mechanism of action (Registration: NCT04517422).Abbreviations: AE: Adverse Event; BMI: Body Mass Index; CONSORT: CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials; CFU: Colony-Forming Units; eDRF: Electronic Daily Report Form; GLA: Gut-Lung Axis; GSRS: Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale; hsCRP: High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein; HR: Hazard Ratio; ICU: Intensive Care Unit; OR: Odds Ratio; PCoA: Principal Coordinate Analysis; RR: Relative Risk; RT-qPCR: Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction; SARS-CoV2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SpO2: Peripheral Oxygen Saturation; WHO: World Health Organization.