Safety of current immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer.
Expert Opin Drug Saf
; 20(6): 651-667, 2021 Jun.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1006304
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) achieved response rates around 20% in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with 8% of patients becoming long-term survivors. Outcomes have improved with the addition of chemotherapy to immunotherapy or the combination of anti-PD(L)1 with anti-CTLA-4 agents.Areas covered The incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs varied across clinical trials and real-life studies. The onset of irAEs was 10 weeks. Toxic deaths from irAEs following anti-PD(L)1 administration resulted mainly from pneumonitis. Some irAEs such as rash and thyroiditis were probably associated with better clinical outcomes, though confounding biases exist. Investigations are on-going to determine ideal biomarkers to predict the occurrence, to screen for and to diagnose irAEs.Expert opinion Prevention, anticipation, detection, treatment and careful monitoring are the five principles that characterize our management of irAEs. Distinguishing immune-induced pneumonitis from progression, pseudo progression, hyper progression, or other etiologies (COVID-19) can be particularly challenging in lung cancer due to the baseline vulnerable pulmonary function and thus requires caution and teamwork. We treat patients according to institutional and international guidelines and we only rechallenge them with ICIs after resolution of the AE and corticosteroid tapering.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pneumonia
/
Thyroiditis
/
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
/
Exanthema
/
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
/
Lung Neoplasms
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Etiology study
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Expert Opin Drug Saf
Journal subject:
Pharmacology
/
Drug Therapy
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
14740338.2021.1867100
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