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Coagulative Disorders in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients with Acute Distress Respiratory Syndrome: A Critical Review.
Robba, Chiara; Battaglini, Denise; Ball, Lorenzo; Valbusa, Alberto; Porto, Italo; Della Bona, Roberta; La Malfa, Giovanni; Patroniti, Nicolò; Brunetti, Iole; Loconte, Maurizio; Bassetti, Matteo; Giacobbe, Daniele R; Vena, Antonio; Silva, Claudia Lucia M; Rocco, Patricia R M; Pelosi, Paolo.
  • Robba C; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Battaglini D; Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Ball L; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Valbusa A; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Porto I; Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Della Bona R; Dipartimento CardioToracoVascolare, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • La Malfa G; Dipartimento CardioToracoVascolare, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Patroniti N; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Brunetti I; Dipartimento CardioToracoVascolare, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Loconte M; Dipartimento CardioToracoVascolare, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Bassetti M; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Giacobbe DR; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Vena A; Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Silva CLM; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Rocco PRM; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
  • Pelosi P; Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
J Clin Med ; 10(1)2021 Jan 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1011566
ABSTRACT
In critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a high incidence of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events is reported. COVID-19 may lead to impairment of the coagulation cascade, with an imbalance in platelet function and the regulatory mechanisms of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Clinical manifestations vary from a rise in laboratory markers and subclinical microthrombi to thromboembolic events, bleeding, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. After an inflammatory trigger, the mechanism for activation of the coagulation cascade in COVID-19 is the tissue factor pathway, which causes endotoxin and tumor necrosis factor-mediated production of interleukins and platelet activation. The consequent massive infiltration of activated platelets may be responsible for inflammatory infiltrates in the endothelial space, as well as thrombocytopenia. The variety of clinical presentations of the coagulopathy confronts the clinician with the difficult questions of whether and how to provide optimal supportive care. In addition to coagulation tests, advanced laboratory tests such as protein C, protein S, antithrombin, tissue factor pathway inhibitors, D-dimers, activated factor Xa, and quantification of specific coagulation factors can be useful, as can thromboelastography or thromboelastometry. Treatment should be tailored, focusing on the estimated risk of bleeding and thrombosis. The aim of this review is to explore the pathophysiology and clinical evidence of coagulation disorders in severe ARDS-related COVID-19 patients.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Reviews Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jcm10010140

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Reviews Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jcm10010140