Genetic Variation and Evolution of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus.
Public Health Genomics
; 24(1-2): 54-66, 2021.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1013081
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
SARS-CoV-2 is a new type of coronavirus causing a pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-2). Coronaviruses are very diverting genetically and mutate so often periodically. The natural selection of viral mutations may cause host infection selectivity and infectivity.METHODS:
This study was aimed to indicate the diversity between human and animal coronaviruses through finding the rate of mutation in each of the spike, nucleocapsid, envelope, and membrane proteins.RESULTS:
The mutation rate is abundant in all 4 structural proteins. The most number of statistically significant amino acid mutations were found in spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) which may be because it is responsible for a corresponding receptor binding in a broad range of hosts and host selectivity to infect. Among 17 previously known amino acids which are important for binding of spike to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, all of them are conservative among human coronaviruses, but only 3 of them significantly are mutated in animal coronaviruses. A single amino acid aspartate-454, that causes dissociation of the RBD of the spike and ACE2, and F486 which gives the strength of binding with ACE2 remain intact in all coronaviruses. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION:
Observations of this study provided evidence of the genetic diversity and rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 as well as other human and animal coronaviruses.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Genetic Variation
/
Viral Proteins
/
Coronavirus
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Public Health Genomics
Journal subject:
Genetics, Medical
/
Public Health
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
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