Testicular Atrophy and Hypothalamic Pathology in COVID-19: Possibility of the Incidence of Male Infertility and HPG Axis Abnormalities.
Reprod Sci
; 28(10): 2735-2742, 2021 10.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1014275
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which resulted from the pandemic outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes a massive inflammatory cytokine storm leading to multi-organ damage including that of the brain and testes. While the lungs, heart, and brain are identified as the main targets of SARS-CoV-2-mediated pathogenesis, reports on its testicular infections have been a subject of debate. The brain and testes are physiologically synchronized by the action of gonadotropins and sex steroid hormones. Though the evidence for the presence of the viral particles in the testicular biopsies and semen samples from COVID-19 patients are highly limited, the occurrence of testicular pathology due to abrupt inflammatory responses and hyperthermia has incresingly been evident. The reduced level of testosterone production in COVID-19 is associated with altered secretion of gonadotropins. Moreover, hypothalamic pathology which results from SARS-CoV-2 infection of the brain is also evident in COVID-19 cases. This article revisits and supports the key reports on testicular abnormalities and pathological signatures in the hypothalamus of COVID-19 patients and emphasizes that testicular pathology resulting from inflammation and oxidative stress might lead to infertility in a significant portion of COVID-19 survivors. Further investigations are required to monitor the reproductive health parameters and HPG axis abnormalities related to secondary pathological complications in COVID-19 patients and survivors.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Testis
/
Fertility
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Hypothalamus
/
Infertility, Male
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Reprod Sci
Journal subject:
Reproductive Medicine
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S43032-020-00441-x
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