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Vitamin D Deficiency and Low Serum Calcium as Predictors of Poor Prognosis in Patients with Severe COVID-19.
Bennouar, Salam; Cherif, Abdelghani Bachir; Kessira, Amel; Bennouar, Djamel-Eddine; Abdi, Samia.
  • Bennouar S; Central Laboratory of Clinical Biology, University Hospital Center of Blida, Blida, Algeria.
  • Cherif AB; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Center of Blida, Blida, Algeria.
  • Kessira A; Department of Hemobiology and Blood Transfusion, University Hospital Center of Annaba, Annaba, Algeria.
  • Bennouar DE; Department of Hemobiology and Blood Transfusion, University Hospital Center of Annaba, Annaba, Algeria.
  • Abdi S; Central Laboratory of Clinical Biology, University Hospital Center of Blida, Blida, Algeria.
J Am Coll Nutr ; 40(2): 104-110, 2021 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1024026
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multifactorial condition. An increasing body of evidence argues for a direct implication of vitamin D deficiency, low serum calcium on poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between these two factors and COVID-19 in-hospital mortality. MATERIALS This is a prospective study, including 120 severe cases of COVID-19, admitted at the department of Reanimation-Anesthesia. Vitamin D was assessed by an immuno-fluoroassay method. Total serum calcium by a colorimetric method, then, corrected for serum albumin levels. The association with in-hospital mortality was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve, proportional Cox regression analyses and the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS:

Hypovitaminosis D and hypocalcemia were very common, occurring in 75% and 35.8% of patients. When analyzing survival, both were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality in a dose-effect manner (pLog-Rank = 0.009 and 0.001 respectively). A cutoff value of 39 nmol/l for vitamin D and 2.05 mmol/l for corrected calcemia could predict poor prognosis with a sensitivity of 76% and 84%, and a specificity of 69% and 60% respectively. Hazard ratios were (HR = 6.9, 95% CI [2.0-24.1], p = 0.002 and HR = 6.2, 95% CI [2.1-18.3], p = 0.001) respectively.

CONCLUSION:

This study demonstrates the high frequency of hypocalcemia and hypovitaminosis D in severe COVID-19 patients and provides further evidence of their potential link to poor short-term prognosis. It is, therefore, possible that the correction of hypocalcemia, as well as supplementation with vitamin D, may improve the vital prognosis.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vitamin D / Vitamin D Deficiency / Calcium / COVID-19 / Hypocalcemia Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: J Am Coll Nutr Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 07315724.2020.1856013

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vitamin D / Vitamin D Deficiency / Calcium / COVID-19 / Hypocalcemia Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: J Am Coll Nutr Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 07315724.2020.1856013