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Mathematical modeling of COVID-19 infection dynamics in Ghana: Impact evaluation of integrated government and individual level interventions.
Dwomoh, Duah; Iddi, Samuel; Adu, Bright; Aheto, Justice Moses; Sedzro, Kojo Mensah; Fobil, Julius; Bosomprah, Samuel.
  • Dwomoh D; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana.
  • Iddi S; Department of Statistics, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana.
  • Adu B; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Department of Immunology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra, Ghana.
  • Aheto JM; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana.
  • Sedzro KM; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Department of Immunology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra, Ghana.
  • Fobil J; Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana.
  • Bosomprah S; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana.
Infect Dis Model ; 6: 381-397, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1056675
ABSTRACT
The raging COVID-19 pandemic is arguably the most important threat to global health presently. Although there Although there is currently a a a vaccine, preventive measures have been proposed to reduce the spread of infection but the efficacy of these interventions, and their likely impact on the number of COVID-19 infections is unknown. In this study, we proposed the SEIQHRS model (susceptible-exposed-infectious-quarantine-hospitalized-recovered-susceptible) model that predicts the trajectory of the epidemic to help plan an effective control strategy for COVID-19 in Ghana. We provided a short-term forecast of the early phase of the epidemic trajectory in Ghana using the generalized growth model. We estimated the effective basic Reproductive number Re in real-time using three different estimation procedures and simulated worse case epidemic scenarios and the impact of integrated individual and government interventions on the epidemic in the long term using compartmental models. The maximum likelihood estimates of Re and the corresponding 95% confidence interval was 2.04 [95% CI 1.82-2.27; 12th March-7th April 2020]. The Re estimate using the exponential growth method was 2.11 [95% CI 2.00-2.24] within the same period. The Re estimate using time-dependent (TD) method showed a gradual decline of the Effective Reproductive Number since March 12, 2020 when the first 2 index cases were recorded but the rate of transmission remains high (TD Re = 2.52; 95% CI [1.87-3.49]). The current estimate of Re based on the TD method is 1.74 [95% CI 1.41-2.10; (13th May 2020)] but with comprehensive integrated government and individual level interventions, the Re could reduce to 0.5 which is an indication of the epidemic dying out in the general population. Our results showed that enhanced government and individual-level interventions and the intensity of media coverage could have a substantial effect on suppressing transmission of new COVID-19 cases and reduced death rates in Ghana until such a time that a potent vaccine or drug is discovered.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Infect Dis Model Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.idm.2021.01.008

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Infect Dis Model Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.idm.2021.01.008