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Does COVID-19 contribute to development of neurological disease?
Mahalakshmi, Arehally M; Ray, Bipul; Tuladhar, Sunanda; Bhat, Abid; Paneyala, Shasthara; Patteswari, Duraisamy; Sakharkar, Meena Kishore; Hamdan, Hamdan; Ojcius, David M; Bolla, Srinivasa Rao; Essa, Musthafa Mohamed; Chidambaram, Saravana Babu; Qoronfleh, M Walid.
  • Mahalakshmi AM; Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Ray B; Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Tuladhar S; Center for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (CPT), Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Bhat A; Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Paneyala S; Center for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (CPT), Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Patteswari D; Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Sakharkar MK; Center for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (CPT), Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Hamdan H; Department of Neurology, JSS Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Ojcius DM; Division of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Bolla SR; The Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
  • Essa MM; Department of Physiology, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • Chidambaram SB; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
  • Qoronfleh MW; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, California, USA.
Immun Inflamm Dis ; 9(1): 48-58, 2021 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1064362
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated primarily with pneumonia, recent data show that the causative agent of COVID-19, the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can infect a large number of vital organs beyond the lungs, such as the heart, kidneys, and the brain. Thus, there is evidence showing possible retrograde transmission of the virus from the olfactory epithelium to regions of the brain stem.

METHODS:

This is a literature review article. The research design method is an evidence-based rapid review. The present discourse aim is first to scrutinize and assess the available literature on COVID-19 repercussion on the central nervous system (CNS). Standard literature and database searches were implemented, gathered relevant material, and extracted information was then assessed.

RESULTS:

The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors being the receptor for the virus, the threat to the central nervous system is expected. Neurons and glial cells express ACE2 receptors in the CNS, and recent studies suggest that activated glial cells contribute to neuroinflammation and the devastating effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the CNS. The SARS-CoV-2-induced immune-mediated demyelinating disease, cerebrovascular damage, neurodegeneration, and depression are some of the neurological complications discussed here.

CONCLUSION:

This review correlates present clinical manifestations of COVID-19 patients with possible neurological consequences in the future, thus preparing healthcare providers for possible future consequences of COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study / Reviews Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Immun Inflamm Dis Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Iid3.387

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study / Reviews Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Immun Inflamm Dis Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Iid3.387