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COVID-19 convalescent plasma composition and immunological effects in severe patients.
Acosta-Ampudia, Yeny; Monsalve, Diana M; Rojas, Manuel; Rodríguez, Yhojan; Gallo, Juan Esteban; Salazar-Uribe, Juan Carlos; Santander, María José; Cala, Mónica P; Zapata, Wildeman; Zapata, María Isabel; Manrique, Rubén; Pardo-Oviedo, Juan Mauricio; Camacho, Bernardo; Ramírez-Santana, Carolina; Anaya, Juan-Manuel.
  • Acosta-Ampudia Y; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Monsalve DM; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Rojas M; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Rodríguez Y; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia; Clínica del Occidente, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Gallo JE; GenomaCES, Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia.
  • Salazar-Uribe JC; Research Group in Statistics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Colombia.
  • Santander MJ; Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vicepresidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Cala MP; Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vicepresidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Zapata W; Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.
  • Zapata MI; Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.
  • Manrique R; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia.
  • Pardo-Oviedo JM; Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Camacho B; Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Investigación en Salud, IDCBIS, Bogota, Colombia.
  • Ramírez-Santana C; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia. Electronic address: heily.ramirez@urosario.edu.co.
  • Anaya JM; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia; Clínica del Occidente, Bogota, Colombia. Electronic address: juan.anaya@urosario.edu.co.
J Autoimmun ; 118: 102598, 2021 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1065282
ABSTRACT
Convalescent plasma (CP) has emerged as a treatment for COVID-19. However, the composition and mechanism of action are not fully known. Therefore, we undertook a two-phase controlled study in which, first the immunological and metabolomic status of recovered and severe patients were evaluated. Secondly, the 28-day effect of CP on the immune response in severe patients was assessed. Nineteen recovered COVID-19 patients, 18 hospitalized patients with severe disease, and 16 pre-pandemic controls were included. Patients with severe disease were treated with CP transfusion and standard therapy (i.e., plasma recipients, n = 9) or standard therapy alone (n = 9). Clinical and biological assessments were done on day 0 and during follow-up on days 4, 7, 14, and 28. Clinical parameters, viral load, total immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA anti-S1-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), autoantibodies, cytokines, T and B cells, and metabolomic and lipidomic profiles were examined. Total IgG and IgA anti-S1-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were key factors for CP selection and correlated with NAbs. In severe COVID-19 patients, mostly interleukin (IL)-6 (P = <0.0001), IL-10 (P = <0.0001), IP-10 (P = <0.0001), fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids were higher than in recovered patients. Latent autoimmunity and anti-IFN-α antibodies were observed in both recovered and severe patients. COVID-19 CP induced an early but transient cytokine profile modification and increases IgG anti-S1-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. At day 28 post-transfusion, a decrease in activated, effector and effector memory CD4+ (P < 0.05) and activated and effector CD8+ (P < 0.01) T cells and naïve B cells (P = 0.001), and an increase in non-classical memory B cells (P=<0.0001) and central memory CD4+ T cells (P = 0.0252) were observed. Moreover, IL-6/IFN-γ (P = 0.0089) and IL-6/IL-10 (P = 0.0180) ratios decreased in plasma recipients compared to those who received standard therapy alone. These results may have therapeutic implications and justify further post-COVID-19 studies.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Interleukin-6 / Interleukin-10 / Antibodies, Neutralizing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: J Autoimmun Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jaut.2021.102598

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Interleukin-6 / Interleukin-10 / Antibodies, Neutralizing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: J Autoimmun Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jaut.2021.102598