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High intake of vegetables is linked to lower white blood cell profile and the effect is mediated by the gut microbiome.
Menni, Cristina; Louca, Panayiotis; Berry, Sarah E; Vijay, Amrita; Astbury, Stuart; Leeming, Emily R; Gibson, Rachel; Asnicar, Francesco; Piccinno, Gianmarco; Wolf, Jonathan; Davies, Richard; Mangino, Massimo; Segata, Nicola; Spector, Tim D; Valdes, Ana M.
  • Menni C; Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK. cristina.menni@kcl.ac.uk.
  • Louca P; Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
  • Berry SE; Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford St, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
  • Vijay A; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Academic Rheumatology Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
  • Astbury S; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Leeming ER; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Academic Rheumatology Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
  • Gibson R; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Asnicar F; Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
  • Piccinno G; Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford St, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
  • Wolf J; Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy.
  • Davies R; Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy.
  • Mangino M; Zoe Global Ltd, 164 Westminster Bridge Rd, Bishop's, London, SE1 7RW, UK.
  • Segata N; Zoe Global Ltd, 164 Westminster Bridge Rd, Bishop's, London, SE1 7RW, UK.
  • Spector TD; Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
  • Valdes AM; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
BMC Med ; 19(1): 37, 2021 02 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1079239
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Chronic inflammation, which can be modulated by diet, is linked to high white blood cell counts and correlates with higher cardiometabolic risk and risk of more severe infections, as in the case of COVID-19.

METHODS:

Here, we assessed the association between white blood cell profile (lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes and total white blood cells) as markers of chronic inflammation, habitual diet and gut microbiome composition (determined by sequencing of the 16S RNA) in 986 healthy individuals from the PREDICT-1 nutritional intervention study. We then investigated whether the gut microbiome mediates part of the benefits of vegetable intake on lymphocyte counts.

RESULTS:

Higher levels of white blood cells, lymphocytes and basophils were all significantly correlated with lower habitual intake of vegetables, with vegetable intake explaining between 3.59 and 6.58% of variation in white blood cells after adjusting for covariates and multiple testing using false discovery rate (q < 0.1). No such association was seen with fruit intake. A mediation analysis found that 20.00% of the effect of vegetable intake on lymphocyte counts was mediated by one bacterial genus, Collinsella, known to increase with the intake of processed foods and previously associated with fatty liver disease. We further correlated white blood cells to other inflammatory markers including IL6 and GlycA, fasting and post-prandial glucose levels and found a significant relationship between inflammation and diet.

CONCLUSION:

A habitual diet high in vegetables, but not fruits, is linked to a lower inflammatory profile for white blood cells, and a fifth of the effect is mediated by the genus Collinsella. TRIAL REGISTRATION The ClinicalTrials.gov registration identifier is NCT03479866 .
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vegetables / Diet / Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Fruit / Leukocytes Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: BMC Med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12916-021-01913-w

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vegetables / Diet / Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Fruit / Leukocytes Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: BMC Med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12916-021-01913-w