Leveraging the antiviral type I interferon system as a first line of defense against SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity.
Immunity
; 54(3): 557-570.e5, 2021 03 09.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1082008
ABSTRACT
The emergence and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in significant global morbidity, mortality, and societal disruption. A better understanding of virus-host interactions may potentiate therapeutic insights toward limiting this infection. Here we investigated the dynamics of the systemic response to SARS-CoV-2 in hamsters by histological analysis and transcriptional profiling. Infection resulted in consistently high levels of virus in the upper and lower respiratory tracts and sporadic occurrence in other distal tissues. A longitudinal cohort revealed a wave of inflammation, including a type I interferon (IFN-I) response, that was evident in all tissues regardless of viral presence but was insufficient to prevent disease progression. Bolstering the antiviral response with intranasal administration of recombinant IFN-I reduced viral disease, prevented transmission, and lowered inflammation in vivo. This study defines the systemic host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and supports use of intranasal IFN-I as an effective means of early treatment.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Interferon Type I
/
Host-Pathogen Interactions
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Immunity
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.immuni.2021.01.017
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