Single-Molecule FRET Imaging of Virus Spike-Host Interactions.
Viruses
; 13(2)2021 02 21.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1090283
ABSTRACT
As a major surface glycoprotein of enveloped viruses, the virus spike protein is a primary target for vaccines and anti-viral treatments. Current vaccines aiming at controlling the COVID-19 pandemic are mostly directed against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. To promote virus entry and facilitate immune evasion, spikes must be dynamic. Interactions with host receptors and coreceptors trigger a cascade of conformational changes/structural rearrangements in spikes, which bring virus and host membranes in proximity for membrane fusion required for virus entry. Spike-mediated viral membrane fusion is a dynamic, multi-step process, and understanding the structure-function-dynamics paradigm of virus spikes is essential to elucidate viral membrane fusion, with the ultimate goal of interventions. However, our understanding of this process primarily relies on individual structural snapshots of endpoints. How these endpoints are connected in a time-resolved manner, and the order and frequency of conformational events underlying virus entry, remain largely elusive. Single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) has provided a powerful platform to connect structure-function in motion, revealing dynamic aspects of spikes for several viruses SARS-CoV-2, HIV-1, influenza, and Ebola. This review focuses on how smFRET imaging has advanced our understanding of virus spikes' dynamic nature, receptor-binding events, and mechanism of antibody neutralization, thereby informing therapeutic interventions.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Receptors, Virus
/
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
/
Virus Internalization
/
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
/
Host Microbial Interactions
/
Membrane Fusion
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
V13020332
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