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Vitamin D and Lung Outcomes in Elderly COVID-19 Patients.
Sulli, Alberto; Gotelli, Emanuele; Casabella, Andrea; Paolino, Sabrina; Pizzorni, Carmen; Alessandri, Elisa; Grosso, Marco; Ferone, Diego; Smith, Vanessa; Cutolo, Maurizio.
  • Sulli A; Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Gotelli E; Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Casabella A; Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Paolino S; Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Pizzorni C; Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Alessandri E; Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Grosso M; Pneumology Unit, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Ferone D; Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
  • Smith V; Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, VIB Inflammation Research Centre Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
  • Cutolo M; Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Nutrients ; 13(3)2021 Feb 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1100144
ABSTRACT
Background and

aim:

Vitamin D deficiency is frequently reported in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to correlate the 25OH-Vitamin D serum concentrations with clinical parameters of lung involvement, in elderly patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods:

Sixty-five consecutive COVID-19 patients (mean age 76 ± 13 years) and sixty-five sex- and age-matched control subjects (CNT) were analyzed. The following clinical parameters, including comorbidities, were collected at admission type of pulmonary involvement, respiratory parameters (PaO2, SO2, PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2), laboratory parameters (including 25OH-vitamin D, D-dimer, C-reactive protein).

Results:

Significantly lower vitamin D serum levels were found in COVID-19 patients than in CNT (median 7.9 vs 16.3 ng/mL, p = 0.001). Interestingly, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between vitamin D serum levels and PaO2 (p = 0.03), SO2 (p = 0.05), PaO2/FiO2 (p = 0.02), while a statistically significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D serum levels and D-dimer (p = 0.04), C-reactive protein (p = 0.04) and percentage of O2 in a venturi mask (p = 0.04). A negative correlation was also observed between vitamin D serum levels and severity of radiologic pulmonary involvement, evaluated by computed tomography in particular, vitamin D was found significantly lower in COVID-19 patients with either multiple lung consolidations (p = 0.0001) or diffuse/severe interstitial lung involvement than in those with mild involvement (p = 0.05). Finally, significantly lower vitamin D serum levels were found in the elderly COVID-19 patients who died during hospitalization, compared to those who survived (median 3.0 vs 8.4 ng/mL, p = 0.046).

Conclusions:

This study confirms that 25OH-vitamin D serum deficiency is associated with more severe lung involvement, longer disease duration and risk of death, in elderly COVID-19 patients. The detection of low vitamin D levels also in younger COVID-19 patients with less comorbidities further suggests vitamin D deficiency as crucial risk factor at any age.
Subject(s)
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vitamin D / Vitamin D Deficiency / Tomography, X-Ray Computed / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Lung Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Nu13030717

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vitamin D / Vitamin D Deficiency / Tomography, X-Ray Computed / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Lung Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Nu13030717