Regeneration of olfactory neuroepithelium in 3-methylindole-induced anosmic rats treated with intranasal chitosan.
Biomaterials
; 271: 120738, 2021 04.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1115811
ABSTRACT
Olfactory dysfunction significantly impairs the life quality of patients but without effective treatments to date. The previous report has demonstrated that chitosan mediates the differentiation of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) through insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 axis in an in vitro model. However, whether chitosan can further treat olfactory dysfunction in vivo remains unexplored. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effect of chitosan on a 3-methylindole-induced anosmic rat model. Intraperitoneal injection of 3-methylindole is performed to induce anosmia in rats. Experimental results demonstrate that the food-finding duration after chitosan treatment gradually decrease to around 80 s, and both the olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) thickness and mature ORNs (expressing olfactory marker protein) are significantly restored. Furthermore, proliferating cells (expressing bromodeoxyuridine) are mainly co-expressed with immature ORNs (expressing ßIII tubulin) below the intermediate layer of the ON in the chitosan-treated group on day 28 following 3-methylindole treatment. Conversely, proliferating cells are scattered over the ON, and co-localized with immature ORNs and sustentacular cells (expressing keratin 18) in the sham group, and even immature ORNs go into apoptosis (expressing DNA fragmentation and cleaved caspase-3), possibly causing incomplete regeneration. Consequently, chitosan regenerates the ON by regulating olfactory neural homeostasis and reducing ORN apoptosis, and serves as a potential therapeutic intervention for olfactory dysfunction in the future.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Olfactory Receptor Neurons
/
Chitosan
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Biomaterials
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.biomaterials.2021.120738
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