Host Defence RNases as Antiviral Agents against Enveloped Single Stranded RNA Viruses.
Virulence
; 12(1): 444-469, 2021 12.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1117781
ABSTRACT
Owing to the recent outbreak of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19), it is urgent to develop effective and safe drugs to treat the present pandemic and prevent other viral infections that might come in the future. Proteins from our own innate immune system can serve as ideal sources of novel drug candidates thanks to their safety and immune regulation versatility. Some host defense RNases equipped with antiviral activity have been reported over time. Here, we try to summarize the currently available information on human RNases that can target viral pathogens, with special focus on enveloped single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses. Overall, host RNases can fight viruses by a combined multifaceted strategy, including the enzymatic target of the viral genome, recognition of virus unique patterns, immune modulation, control of stress granule formation, and induction of autophagy/apoptosis pathways. The review also includes a detailed description of representative enveloped ssRNA viruses and their strategies to interact with the host and evade immune recognition. For comparative purposes, we also provide an exhaustive revision of the currently approved or experimental antiviral drugs. Finally, we sum up the current perspectives of drug development to achieve successful eradication of viral infections.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Ribonuclease, Pancreatic
/
Virus Replication
/
RNA, Viral
/
Endoribonucleases
/
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Virulence
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
21505594.2021.1871823
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