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Association between ABO blood types and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), genetic associations, and underlying molecular mechanisms: a literature review of 23 studies.
Zhang, Yujia; Garner, Rachael; Salehi, Sana; La Rocca, Marianna; Duncan, Dominique.
  • Zhang Y; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. zhan834@usc.edu.
  • Garner R; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
  • Salehi S; Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 1500 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
  • La Rocca M; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
  • Duncan D; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Ann Hematol ; 100(5): 1123-1132, 2021 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1122761
ABSTRACT
An association of various blood types and the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been found in a number of publications. The aim of this literature review is to summarize key findings related to ABO blood types and COVID-19 infection rate, symptom presentation, and outcome. Summarized findings include associations between ABO blood type and higher infection susceptibility, intubation duration, and severe outcomes, including death. The literature suggests that blood type O may serve as a protective factor, as individuals with blood type O are found COVID-19 positive at far lower rates. This could suggest that blood type O individuals are less susceptible to infection, or that they are asymptomatic at higher rates and therefore do not seek out testing. We also discuss genetic associations and potential molecular mechanisms that drive the relationship between blood type and COVID-19. Studies have found a strong association between a locus on a specific gene cluster on chromosome three (chr3p21.31) and outcome severity, such as respiratory failure. Cellular models have suggested an explanation for blood type modulation of infection, evidencing that spike protein/Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-dependent adhesion to ACE2-expressing cell lines was specifically inhibited by monoclonal or natural human anti-A antibodies, so individuals with non-A blood types, specifically O, or B blood types, which produce anti-A antibodies, may be less susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection due to the inhibitory effects of anti-A antibodies.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: ABO Blood-Group System / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Ann Hematol Journal subject: Hematology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S00277-021-04489-w

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: ABO Blood-Group System / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Ann Hematol Journal subject: Hematology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S00277-021-04489-w