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Circulating Exosomes Are Strongly Involved in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Barberis, Elettra; Vanella, Virginia V; Falasca, Marco; Caneapero, Valeria; Cappellano, Giuseppe; Raineri, Davide; Ghirimoldi, Marco; De Giorgis, Veronica; Puricelli, Chiara; Vaschetto, Rosanna; Sainaghi, Pier Paolo; Bruno, Stefania; Sica, Antonio; Dianzani, Umberto; Rolla, Roberta; Chiocchetti, Annalisa; Cantaluppi, Vincenzo; Baldanzi, Gianluca; Marengo, Emilio; Manfredi, Marcello.
  • Barberis E; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Vanella VV; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Falasca M; ISALIT, Novara, Italy.
  • Caneapero V; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Cappellano G; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Raineri D; Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
  • Ghirimoldi M; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • De Giorgis V; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Puricelli C; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Vaschetto R; Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Sainaghi PP; Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Bruno S; Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Sica A; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Dianzani U; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Rolla R; Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Chiocchetti A; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Cantaluppi V; Internal and Emergency Medicine Departments, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
  • Baldanzi G; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy.
  • Marengo E; Città della Salute e della Scienza and Molecular Biotechnology Center, Torino, Italy.
  • Manfredi M; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
Front Mol Biosci ; 8: 632290, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1127989
ABSTRACT
Knowledge of the host response to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 remains limited, hindering the understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic strategies. During the course of a viral infection, host cells release exosomes and other extracellular vesicles carrying viral and host components that can modulate the immune response. The present study used a shotgun proteomic approach to map the host circulating exosomes' response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We investigated how SARS-CoV-2 infection modulates exosome content, exosomes' involvement in disease progression, and the potential use of plasma exosomes as biomarkers of disease severity. A proteomic analysis of patient-derived exosomes identified several molecules involved in the immune response, inflammation, and activation of the coagulation and complement pathways, which are the main mechanisms of COVID-19-associated tissue damage and multiple organ dysfunctions. In addition, several potential biomarkers-such as fibrinogen, fibronectin, complement C1r subcomponent and serum amyloid P-component-were shown to have a diagnostic feature presenting an area under the curve (AUC) of almost 1. Proteins correlating with disease severity were also detected. Moreover, for the first time, we identified the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the exosomal cargo, which suggests that the virus might use the endocytosis route to spread infection. Our findings indicate circulating exosomes' significant contribution to several processes-such as inflammation, coagulation, and immunomodulation-during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study's data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD021144.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Front Mol Biosci Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fmolb.2021.632290

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Front Mol Biosci Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fmolb.2021.632290