Aerosol Exposure During Surgical Tracheotomy in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients.
Shock
; 55(4): 472-478, 2021 04 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1140043
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been spreading worldwide. Since the main route of infection with SARS-CoV-2 is probably via contact with virus-containing droplets of the exhaled air, any method of securing the airway is of extremely high risk for the health care professionals involved. We evaluated the aerosol exposure to the interventional team during a tracheotomy in a semiquantitative fashion. In addition, we present novel protective measures. PATIENTS ANDMETHODS:
To visualize the air movements occurring during a tracheotomy, we used a breathing simulator filled with artificial fog. Normal breathing and coughing were simulated under surgery. The speed of aerosol propagation and particle density in the direct visual field of the surgeon were evaluated.RESULTS:
Laminar air flow (LAF) in the OR reduced significantly the aerosol exposure during tracheostomy. Only 4.8â±â3.4% of the aerosol was in contact with the surgeon. Without LAF, however, the aerosol density in the inspiratory area of the surgeon is 10 times higher (47.9â±â10.8%, Pâ<â0.01). Coughing through the opened trachea exposed the surgeon within 400 ms with 76.0â±â8.0% of the aerosol-independent of the function of the LAF. Only when a blocked tube was inserted into the airway, no aerosol leakage could be detected.DISCUSSION:
Coughing and expiration during a surgical tracheotomy expose the surgical team considerably to airway aerosols. This is potentially associated with an increased risk for employees being infected by airborne-transmitted pathogens. Laminar airflow in an operating room leads to a significant reduction in the aerosol exposure of the surgeon and is therefore preferable to a bedside tracheotomy in terms of infection prevention. Ideal protection of medical staff is achieved when the procedure is performed under endotracheal intubation and muscle relaxation.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Tracheotomy
/
Occupational Exposure
/
Aerosols
/
Surgeons
/
COVID-19
/
Occupational Diseases
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Shock
Journal subject:
Vascular Diseases
/
Cardiology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
SHK.0000000000001655
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