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Osteosarcopenic adiposity syndrome update and the role of associated minerals and vitamins.
Ilich, Jasminka Z.
  • Ilich JZ; Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, 1107 West Call Street, Tallahassee32306-4301, Florida, USA.
Proc Nutr Soc ; 80(3): 344-355, 2021 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1159771
ABSTRACT
The objectives are to present an updated synopsis on osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) syndrome and evaluate the roles of selected micronutrients in its prevention and management. OSA refers to the concurrent deterioration of bone (osteopenia/osteoporosis), muscle (sarcopenia) and adipose tissue expansion. It portrays the most advanced stage in a continuum of body composition disorders. Although OSA has been widely studied involving the populations of different backgrounds, its prevalence is hard to collate because different methodologies and criteria were used for its diagnosis. Another critical health aspect is the presence of low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) which contributes to OSA and vice versa. Nutrition is important in the prevention and management of both OSA and LGCI. Although micronutrients act in numerous metabolic and physiological processes, their roles here are presented in relation to OSA (and its components) and LGCI in general and relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. These include calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and vitamins D and K; their interactions, physiological ratios and synergism/antagonism are discussed as well. In conclusion, calcium, magnesium and vitamin D have a profound impact on OSA and its components, and the latter two also on LGCI. Potassium and vitamin K are vital in bone, muscle functioning and possibly adipose tissue modification. Both, but particularly vitamin D, surfaced as important modulators of immune system with application in COVID-19 infections. While both phosphorus and sodium have important roles in bone, muscle and can impact adiposity, due to their abundance in food, their intake should be curbed to prevent possible damaging effects.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Osteoporosis / Trace Elements / Vitamins / Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Adiposity / Sarcopenia / Obesity Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Proc Nutr Soc Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S0029665121000586

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Osteoporosis / Trace Elements / Vitamins / Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Adiposity / Sarcopenia / Obesity Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Proc Nutr Soc Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S0029665121000586