Predictive monitoring and therapeutic immune biomarkers in the management of clinical complications of COVID-19.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev
; 58: 32-48, 2021 04.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1163617
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), appears with a wide spectrum of mild-to-critical clinical complications. Many clinical and experimental findings suggest the role of inflammatory mechanisms in the immunopathology of COVID-19. Hence, cellular and molecular mediators of the immune system can be potential targets for predicting, monitoring, and treating the progressive complications of COVID-19. In this review, we assess the latest cellular and molecular data on the immunopathology of COVID-19 according to the pathological evidence (e.g., mucus and surfactants), dysregulations of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators (e.g., cytokines and chemokines), and impairments of innate and acquired immune system functions (e.g., mononuclear cells, neutrophils and antibodies). Furthermore, we determine the significance of immune biomarkers for predicting, monitoring, and treating the progressive complications of COVID-19. We also discuss the clinical importance of recent immune biomarkers in COVID-19, and at the end of each section, recent clinical trials in immune biomarkers for COVID-19 are mentioned.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Biomarkers
/
COVID-19
/
Immunity, Innate
/
Monitoring, Physiologic
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
/
Biochemistry
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
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