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Neutrophil calprotectin identifies severe pulmonary disease in COVID-19.
Shi, Hui; Zuo, Yu; Yalavarthi, Srilakshmi; Gockman, Kelsey; Zuo, Melanie; Madison, Jacqueline A; Blair, Christopher; Woodward, Wrenn; Lezak, Sean P; Lugogo, Njira L; Woods, Robert J; Lood, Christian; Knight, Jason S; Kanthi, Yogendra.
  • Shi H; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Zuo Y; Division of Rheumatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
  • Yalavarthi S; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Gockman K; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Zuo M; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Madison JA; Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Blair C; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Woodward W; Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Lezak SP; Michigan Clinical Research Unit, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Lugogo NL; Michigan Clinical Research Unit, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Woods RJ; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Lood C; Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Knight JS; Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
  • Kanthi Y; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
J Leukoc Biol ; 109(1): 67-72, 2021 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1188010
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ABSTRACT
Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are regularly complicated by respiratory failure. Although it has been suggested that elevated levels of blood neutrophils associate with worsening oxygenation in COVID-19, it is unknown whether neutrophils are drivers of the thrombo-inflammatory storm or simple bystanders. To better understand the potential role of neutrophils in COVID-19, we measured levels of the neutrophil activation marker S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) in hospitalized patients and determined its relationship to severity of illness and respiratory status. Patients with COVID-19 (n = 172) had markedly elevated levels of calprotectin in their blood. Calprotectin tracked with other acute phase reactants including C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and absolute neutrophil count, but was superior in identifying patients requiring mechanical ventilation. In longitudinal samples, calprotectin rose as oxygenation worsened. When tested on day 1 or 2 of hospitalization (n = 94 patients), calprotectin levels were significantly higher in patients who progressed to severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation (8039 ± 7031 ng/ml, n = 32) as compared to those who remained free of intubation (3365 ± 3146, P < 0.0001). In summary, serum calprotectin levels track closely with current and future COVID-19 severity, implicating neutrophils as potential perpetuators of inflammation and respiratory compromise in COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Neutrophil Activation / Calgranulin A / Calgranulin B / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Neutrophils Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: J Leukoc Biol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: JLB.3COVCRA0720-359R

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Neutrophil Activation / Calgranulin A / Calgranulin B / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Neutrophils Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: J Leukoc Biol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: JLB.3COVCRA0720-359R