The Diagnosis of COVID-19 Through X-Ray Images via Transfer Learning Pipeline

ABSTRACT

Transfer Learning (TL) opens new possibilities of detection of disease through radiography as compared to conventional machine learning as well as deep learning methods. The extraction of features through pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and the tuning of the fully connected layers of the CNN model is the core for the development of a transfer learning pipeline. The present study investigates the diagnosis of COVID-19 through X-ray images by means of three TL models, namely Inception V3, VGG-16, and the VGG-19 for feature extraction along with heuristically fine-tuned fully connected layers. It was demonstrated through this preliminary work that both the VGG-16 and VGG-19 tuned pipelines could achieve a train and test classification accuracies of 99.8% and 94%, respectively. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.