Cytokine storm modulation in COVID-19: a proposed role for vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitor combination therapy (VIDPP-4i).
Immunotherapy
; 13(9): 753-765, 2021 06.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1206250
ABSTRACT
A dysregulated immune response characterized by the hyperproduction of several pro-inflammatory cytokines (a.k.a. 'cytokine storm') plays a central role in the pathophysiology of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this Perspective article we discuss the evidence for synergistic anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties exerted by vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, the latter being a class of antihyperglycemic agents used for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, which have also been reported as immunomodulators. Then, we provide the rationale for investigation of vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitor combination therapy (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation strategy to ratchet down the virulence of SARS-CoV-2, prevent disease progression and modulate the cytokine storm in COVID-19.
Lay abstract The so-called 'cytokine storm' that drives the hyperproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators, plays a central role in the pathophysiology of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Vitamin D has increasingly been shown to play anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties beyond its role in the regulation of bone homeostasis. Similarly, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) a class of antihyperglycemic agents used for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes have been reported as immunomodulators regardless of their glucose-lowering properties. We, therefore, discuss the role of vitamin D and DPP-4 inhibitor combination therapy (VIDPP-4i) as a potential immunomodulation strategy to prevent the development and/or halt the progression of the COVID-19-induced cytokine storm, particularly in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Vitamin D
/
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors
/
Cytokine Release Syndrome
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Immunotherapy
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Immunotherapy
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
/
Therapeutics
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Imt-2020-0349
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