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Explaining the reasons for not maintaining the health guidelines to prevent COVID-19 in high-risk jobs: a qualitative study in Iran.
SoleimanvandiAzar, Neda; Irandoost, Seyed Fahim; Ahmadi, Sina; Xosravi, Tareq; Ranjbar, Hadi; Mansourian, Morteza; Yoosefi Lebni, Javad.
  • SoleimanvandiAzar N; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Irandoost SF; Department of Public Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
  • Ahmadi S; Department of Social Welfare Management, Social Welfare Management Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Xosravi T; Islamic Azad University Sanandaj Branch, Sanandaj, Iran.
  • Ranjbar H; Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
  • Mansourian M; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Yoosefi Lebni J; Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. j.yousefi28@yahoo.com.
BMC Public Health ; 21(1): 848, 2021 05 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1215107
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Although the workers in many occupations are at the greatest risk of catching and spreading COVID-19 due to assembling and contacting people, the owners of these occupations do not follow COVID-19 health instructions. The purpose of this study is to explain the reasons for not maintaining health guidelines to prevent COVID-19 in high-risk jobs in Iran.

METHODS:

The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach among people with high-risk jobs in Tehran during March and April of 2020. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 31 people with high-risk occupations selected by purposeful sampling and snowballing. The data were analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis method and MAXQDA-18 software. Guba and Lincoln's criteria were also used to evaluate the quality of the research results.

RESULTS:

4 main categories and 13 sub-categories were obtained, including individual factors (personality traits, lack of self-efficacy, little knowledge of the disease and how to observe health norms related to it, misconceptions about health), structural factors (difficulty of access to health supplies, lack of supportive environment, weak laws and supervision, the poor performance of officials and national media), economic factors (economic costs of living, lack of government economic support), Socio-cultural factors (learning, cultural beliefs, social customs, and rituals).

CONCLUSION:

COVID-19 prevention requires intervention at different levels. At the individual level increasing people's awareness and understanding about how to prevent COVID-19 and strengthening self-efficacy in observing health norms, at the social level highlighting positive patterns of observing health issues and training people about the consequences of social interactions during the outbreak of the virus, and at the macro level strengthening regulatory rules and increasing people's access to hygienic products and support for the vulnerable must be taken into account.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Reviews Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: BMC Public Health Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12889-021-10889-4

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Reviews Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: BMC Public Health Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12889-021-10889-4