Evaluation of Cellular and Serological Responses to Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection Demonstrates the Functional Importance of the Receptor-Binding Domain.
J Immunol
; 206(11): 2605-2613, 2021 06 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1218655
ABSTRACT
The factors that control the development of an effective immune response to the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 virus are poorly understood. In this study, we provide a cross-sectional analysis of the dynamics of B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We observe changes in B cell subsets consistent with a robust humoral immune response, including significant expansion of plasmablasts and activated receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cell populations. We observe elevated titers of Abs to SARS-CoV-2 RBD, full-length Spike, and nucleoprotein over the course of infection, with higher levels of RBD-specific IgG correlating with increased serum neutralization. Depletion of RBD-specific Abs from serum removed a major portion of neutralizing activity in most individuals. Some donors did retain significant residual neutralization activity, suggesting a potential Ab subset targeting non-RBD epitopes. Taken together, these findings are instructive for future vaccine design and mAb strategies.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
B-Lymphocytes
/
Nucleocapsid Proteins
/
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Immunity, Cellular
/
Immunologic Memory
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
J Immunol
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Jimmunol.2001420
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