Tapping the immunological imprints to design chimeric SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for elderly population.
Int Rev Immunol
; 41(4): 448-463, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1225558
ABSTRACT
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 disease susceptibility varies depending on the age and health status of an individual. Currently, there are more than 140 COVID-19 vaccines under development. However, the challenge will be to induce an effective immune response in the elderly population. Analysis of B cell epitopes indicates the minor role of the stalk domain of spike protein in viral neutralization due to low surface accessibility. Nevertheless, the accumulation of mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) might reduce the vaccine efficacy in all age groups. We also propose the concept of chimeric vaccines based on the co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike and influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and matrix protein 1 (M1) proteins to generate chimeric virus-like particles (VLP). This review discusses the possible approaches by which influenza-specific memory repertoire developed during the lifetime of the elderly populations can converge to mount an effective immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with the possibilities of designing single vaccines for COVID-19 and influenza. HighlightsImmunosenescence aggravates COVID-19 symptoms in elderly individuals.Low immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in elderly population.Tapping the memory T and B cell repertoire in elderly can enhance vaccine efficiency.Chimeric vaccines can mount effective immune response against COVID-19 in elderly.Chimeric vaccines co-express SARS-CoV-2 spike and influenza HA and M1 proteins.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Viral Vaccines
/
Influenza, Human
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Aged
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Int Rev Immunol
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
08830185.2021.1925267
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