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Impact of presymptomatic COVID-19 on vascular and skeletal muscle function: a case study.
Trinity, Joel D; Craig, Jesse C; Fermoyle, Caitlin C; McKenzie, Alec I; Lewis, Matthew T; Park, Soung Hun; Rondina, Matthew T; Richardson, Russell S.
  • Trinity JD; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • Craig JC; Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • Fermoyle CC; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • McKenzie AI; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • Lewis MT; Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • Park SH; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • Rondina MT; Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • Richardson RS; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
J Appl Physiol (1985) ; 130(6): 1961-1970, 2021 06 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1232371
ABSTRACT
The impact of COVID-19 has been largely described after symptom development. Although the SARS-CoV-2 virus elevates heart rate (HR) prior to symptom onset, whether this virus evokes other presymptomatic alterations is unknown. This case study details the presymptomatic impact of COVID-19 on vascular and skeletal muscle function in a young woman [24 yr, 173.5 cm, 89 kg, body mass index (BMI) 29.6 kg·m-2]. Vascular and skeletal muscle function were assessed as part of a separate study with the first and second visits separated by 2 wk. On the evening following the second visit, the participant developed a fever and a rapid antigen test confirmed a positive COVID-19 diagnosis. Compared with the first visit, the participant presented with a markedly elevated HR (∼30 beats/min) and a lower mean blood pressure (∼8 mmHg) at the second visit. Vascular function measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, reactive hyperemia, and passive leg movement were all noticeably attenuated (25%-65%) as was leg blood flow during knee extension exercise. Muscle strength was diminished as was ADP-stimulated respiration (30%), assessed in vitro, whereas there was a 25% increase in the apparent Km. Lastly, an elevation in IL-10 was observed prior to symptom onset. Notably, 2.5 mo after diagnosis symptoms of fatigue and cough were still present. Together, these findings provide unique insight into the physiological responses immediately prior to onset of COVID-19 symptoms; they suggest that SARS-CoV-2 negatively impacts vascular and skeletal muscle function prior to the onset of common symptoms and may set the stage for the widespread sequelae observed following COVID-19 diagnosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This unique case study details the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on vascular and skeletal muscle function in a young predominantly presymptomatic woman. Prior to COVID-19 diagnosis, substantial reductions in vascular, skeletal muscle, and mitochondrial function were observed along with an elevation in IL-10. This integrative case study indicates that the presymptomatic impact of COVID-19 is widespread and may help elucidate the acute and long-term sequelae of this disease.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Case report / Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies Topics: Long Covid Limits: Female / Humans Language: English Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Journal subject: Physiology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Case report / Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies Topics: Long Covid Limits: Female / Humans Language: English Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Journal subject: Physiology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article