Emerging Human Coronavirus Infections (SARS, MERS, and COVID-19): Where They Are Leading Us.
Int Rev Immunol
; 40(1-2): 5-53, 2021.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1236148
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus infections are responsible for mild, moderate, and severe infections in birds and mammals. These were first isolated in humans as causal microorganisms responsible for common cold. The 2002-2003 SARS epidemic caused by SARS-CoV and 2012 MERS epidemic (64 countries affected) caused by MERS-CoV showed their acute and fatal side. These two CoV infections killed thousands of patients infected worldwide. However, WHO has still reported the MERS case in December 2019 in middle-eastern country (Saudi Arabia), indicating the MERS epidemic has not ended completely yet. Although we have not yet understood completely these two CoV epidemics, a third most dangerous and severe CoV infection has been originated in the Wuhan city, Hubei district of China in December 2019. This CoV infection called COVID-19 or SARS-CoV2 infection has now spread to 210 countries and territories around the world. COVID-19 has now been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). It has infected more than 16.69 million people with more than 663,540 deaths across the world. Thus the current manuscript aims to describe all three (SARS, MERS, and COVID-19) in terms of their causal organisms (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2), similarities and differences in their clinical symptoms, outcomes, immunology, and immunopathogenesis, and possible future therapeutic approaches.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Coronaviridae
/
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
/
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
/
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Int Rev Immunol
Journal subject:
Allergy and Immunology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
08830185.2020.1800688
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