Enteroviruses and T1D: Is It the Virus, the Genes or Both which Cause T1D.
Microorganisms
; 8(7)2020 Jul 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1244073
ABSTRACT
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that results from the selective destruction of insulin-producing ß-cells in the pancreas. Up to now, the mechanisms triggering the initiation and progression of the disease are, in their complexity, not fully understood and imply the disruption of several tolerance networks. Viral infection is one of the environmental factors triggering diabetes, which is initially based on the observation that the disease's incidence follows a periodic pattern within the population. Moreover, the strong correlation of genetic susceptibility is a prerequisite for enteroviral infection associated islet autoimmunity. Epidemiological data and clinical findings indicate enteroviral infections, mainly of the coxsackie B virus family, as potential pathogenic mechanisms to trigger the autoimmune reaction towards ß-cells, resulting in the boost of inflammation following ß-cell destruction and the onset of T1D. This review discusses previously identified virus-associated genetics and pathways of ß-cell destruction. Is it the virus itself which leads to ß-cell destruction and T1D progression? Or is it genetic, so that the virus may activate auto-immunity and ß-cell destruction only in genetically predisposed individuals?
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Language:
English
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Microorganisms8071017
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