Atypical Inflammatory Syndrome Triggered by SARS-CoV-2 in Infants with Down Syndrome.
J Clin Immunol
; 41(7): 1457-1462, 2021 10.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1252168
ABSTRACT
While adults with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 pneumonia, little is known about COVID-19 in children with DS. In children without DS, SARS-CoV-2 can rarely cause severe COVID-19 pneumonia, or an even rarer and more typically pediatric condition, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Although the underlying mechanisms are still unknown, MIS-C is thought to be primarily immune-mediated. Here, we describe an atypical, severe form of MIS-C in two infant girls with DS who were hospitalized for over 4 months. Immunological evaluation revealed pronounced neutrophilia, B cell depletion, increased circulating IL-6 and IL-8, and elevated markers of immune activation ICAM1 and FcɣRI. Importantly, uninfected children with DS presented with similar but less stark immune features at steady state, possibly explaining risk of further uncontrolled inflammation following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, a severe, atypical form of MIS-C may occur in children with DS.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Down Syndrome
/
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Case report
/
Diagnostic study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
Language:
English
Journal:
J Clin Immunol
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S10875-021-01078-4
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