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A Review on SARS-CoV-2-Induced Neuroinflammation, Neurodevelopmental Complications, and Recent Updates on the Vaccine Development.
Karnik, Medha; Beeraka, Narasimha M; Uthaiah, Chinnappa A; Nataraj, Suma M; Bettadapura, Anjali Devi S; Aliev, Gjumrakch; Madhunapantula, SubbaRao V.
  • Karnik M; Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Beeraka NM; Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Uthaiah CA; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
  • Nataraj SM; Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Bettadapura ADS; Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Aliev G; Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
  • Madhunapantula SV; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Mol Neurobiol ; 58(9): 4535-4563, 2021 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1252224
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a devastating viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The incidence and mortality of COVID-19 patients have been increasing at an alarming rate. The mortality is much higher in older individuals, especially the ones suffering from respiratory distress, cardiac abnormalities, renal diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Existing evidence demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 makes its entry into human cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) followed by the uptake of virions through cathepsin L or transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). SARS-CoV-2-mediated abnormalities in particular cardiovascular and neurological ones and the damaged coagulation systems require extensive research to develop better therapeutic modalities. As SARS-CoV-2 uses its S-protein to enter into the host cells of several organs, the S-protein of the virus is considered as the ideal target to develop a potential vaccine. In this review, we have attempted to highlight the landmark discoveries that lead to the development of various vaccines that are currently under different stages of clinical progression. Besides, a brief account of various drug candidates that are being tested to mitigate the burden of COVID-19 was also covered. Further, in a dedicated section, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on neuronal inflammation and neuronal disorders was discussed. In summary, it is expected that the content covered in this article help to understand the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and the impact on neuronal complications induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection while providing an update on the vaccine development.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Neurodevelopmental Disorders / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Inflammation Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid / Vaccines Language: English Journal: Mol Neurobiol Journal subject: Molecular Biology / Neurology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12035-021-02399-6

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Neurodevelopmental Disorders / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Inflammation Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid / Vaccines Language: English Journal: Mol Neurobiol Journal subject: Molecular Biology / Neurology Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12035-021-02399-6