Neurological complications in COVID-19 - a diagnostic challenge.
J Med Life
; 14(2): 216-224, 2021.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1262737
ABSTRACT
With the exponential growth of COVID-19 cases, the neurological complications reported during or after the infection became more common. There is limited knowledge regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for these complications. Recent data provides compelling evidence for the neurotropic nature of SARS-CoV-2, based on neurological manifestations reported during the current pandemic, as well as on previous experience with other coronaviruses. We present the case of a patient who developed headaches, motor deficit and dysphasia after respiratory COVID-19. Imaging tests showed heterogeneous central nervous system lesions (multiple subarachnoid hemorrhages and two ischemic strokes). Given the plethora of atypical neurological complications of COVID-19 described in the current literature, establishing a positive diagnosis and deciding on a treatment plan proved to be particularly challenging. We set to discuss some of the possible pathologies, hypothesized to be associated with COVID-19, that could lead to concomitant neurological lesions, similar to those noticed in our patient.
Keywords
ACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme II; BBB blood-brain barrier; BMI body mass index; BP blood pressure; CNS central nervous system; COVID-19; COVID-19 coronavirus disease; CRP C-reactive protein; CSF cerebrospinal fluid; CT Computer tomography; CTA Computer tomography angiography; CVT cerebral venous thrombosis; ECG electrocardiogram; HR heart rate; Holter ECG Holter electrocardiogram; I.V. intravenous; LMWH low molecular weight heparin; MRA Magnetic resonance angiography; MRC scale Medical Research Council's scale; MRI Magnetic resonance imaging; PACNS primary angiitis of the central nervous system; PCA posterior cerebral artery; PCR polymerase chain reaction; PCoA posterior communicating artery; RCVS reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome; RR reference range; RT-PCR real-time polymerase chain reaction; SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage; SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; UL upper limit; cardiovascular medicine; neurology; stroke; subarachnoid hemorrhage
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
COVID-19
/
Nervous System Diseases
Type of study:
Case report
/
Diagnostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
English
Journal:
J Med Life
Journal subject:
Medicine
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Jml-2021-0045
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