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Early Impact of Social Distancing in Response to Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Hospitalizations for Acute Bronchiolitis in Infants in Brazil.
Friedrich, Frederico; Ongaratto, Renata; Scotta, Marcelo C; Veras, Tiago N; Stein, Renato T; Lumertz, Magali Santos; Jones, Marcus Herbert; Comaru, Talitha; Pinto, Leonardo Araújo.
  • Friedrich F; Centro Infant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Ongaratto R; Centro Infant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Scotta MC; Centro Infant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Veras TN; Jeser Amarante Faria Children's Hospital, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
  • Stein RT; Centro Infant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Lumertz MS; Centro Infant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Jones MH; Centro Infant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Comaru T; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Farroupilha, Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Pinto LA; Centro Infant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Clin Infect Dis ; 72(12): 2071-2075, 2021 06 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1269547
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Interventions to tackle the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may affect the burden of other respiratory diseases. Considering the repercussions of these unique social experiences to infant health, this study aims to assess the early impact of social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic in hospital admissions for acute bronchiolitis.

METHODS:

Data from hospitalizations of acute bronchiolitis in infants <1 year of age were obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Public Health database for the period between 2016 and 2020. These data were also analyzed by macroregions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Southeast, South, and Midwest). To evaluate the effect of social distancing strategy on the incidence of acute bronchiolitis, the absolute and relative reductions were calculated by analyzing the yearly subsets of 2016 vs 2020, 2017 vs 2020, 2018 vs 2020, and 2019 vs 2020.

RESULTS:

There was a significant reduction in all comparisons, ranging from -78% (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.22 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .20-.24]) in 2016 vs 2020 to -85% (IRR, 0.15 [95% CI, .13-.16]) in 2019 vs 2020, for the data from Brazil. For analyses by macroregions, the reduction varied from -58% (IRR, 0.41 [95% CI, .37-.45]) in the Midwest in 2016 vs 2020 to -93% (IRR, 0.07 [95% CI, .06-.08]) in the South in 2019 vs 2020.

CONCLUSIONS:

There was a significant reduction in hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis in children <1 year old in Brazil, on the order of >70% for most analysis. Our data suggest an important impact of social distancing on reducing the transmission of viruses related to acute bronchiolitis. Such knowledge may guide strategies for prevention of viral spread.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Bronchiolitis / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Qualitative research Limits: Child / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Bronchiolitis / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Qualitative research Limits: Child / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid