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SARS-CoV-2 Antigenemia as a Confounding Factor in Immunodiagnostic Assays: A Case Study.
Belogiannis, Konstantinos; Florou, Venetia A; Fragkou, Paraskevi C; Ferous, Stefanos; Chatzis, Loukas; Polyzou, Aikaterini; Lagopati, Nefeli; Vassilakos, Demetrios; Kittas, Christos; Tzioufas, Athanasios G; Tsiodras, Sotirios; Sourvinos, George; Gorgoulis, Vassilis G.
  • Belogiannis K; Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Florou VA; Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Fragkou PC; 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-12462 Athens, Greece.
  • Ferous S; 2nd Medical Department, General Hospital of Athens G. Gennimatas, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Chatzis L; Department of Pathophysiology, Athens School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Polyzou A; Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Lagopati N; Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Vassilakos D; Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NQ, UK.
  • Kittas C; Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Tzioufas AG; Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Tsiodras S; Department of Pathophysiology, Athens School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
  • Sourvinos G; 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-12462 Athens, Greece.
  • Gorgoulis VG; Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, GR-71003 Heraklion, Greece.
Viruses ; 13(6)2021 06 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1270128
ABSTRACT
Humoral immunity has emerged as a vital immune component against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Nevertheless, a subset of recovered Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) paucisymptomatic/asymptomatic individuals do not generate an antibody response, constituting a paradox. We assumed that immunodiagnostic assays may operate under a competitive format within the context of antigenemia, potentially explaining this phenomenon. We present a case where persistent antigenemia/viremia was documented for at least 73 days post-symptom onset using 'in-house' methodology, and as it progressively declined, seroconversion took place late, around day 55, supporting our hypothesis. Thus, prolonged SARS-CoV-2 antigenemia/viremia could mask humoral responses, rendering, in certain cases, the phenomenon of 'non-responders' a misnomer.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Serological Testing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Antibodies, Viral / Antigens, Viral Type of study: Case report / Diagnostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Humans / Male / Young adult Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V13061143

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Serological Testing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Antibodies, Viral / Antigens, Viral Type of study: Case report / Diagnostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Humans / Male / Young adult Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V13061143