Organotypic human ex vivo models for coronavirus disease 2019 research and drug development.
Curr Opin Pharmacol
; 59: 11-18, 2021 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1286285
ABSTRACT
Since the discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019, intense research efforts on an unprecedented scale have focused on the study of viral entry mechanisms and adaptive immunity. While the identification of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and other co-receptors has elucidated the molecular and structural basis for viral entry, the pathobiological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in human tissues are less understood. Recent advances in bioengineering have opened opportunities for the use of organotypic human tissue models to investigate host-virus interactions and test antiviral drug candidates in a physiological context. Although it is too early to accurately quantify the added value of these systems compared with conventional cell systems, it can be assumed that these advanced three-dimensional (3D) models contribute toward improved result translation. This mini-review summarizes recent work to study SARS-CoV-2 infection in human 3D tissue models with an emphasis on the pharmacological tools that have been developed to understand and prevent viral entry and replication.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
/
Models, Biological
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Curr Opin Pharmacol
Journal subject:
Pharmacology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.coph.2021.04.006
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