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Longitudinal Assessment of Diagnostic Test Performance Over the Course of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Smith, Rebecca L; Gibson, Laura L; Martinez, Pamela P; Ke, Ruian; Mirza, Agha; Conte, Madison; Gallagher, Nicholas; Conte, Abigail; Wang, Leyi; Fredrickson, Richard; Edmonson, Darci C; Baughman, Melinda E; Chiu, Karen K; Choi, Hannah; Jensen, Tor W; Scardina, Kevin R; Bradley, Shannon; Gloss, Stacy L; Reinhart, Crystal; Yedetore, Jagadeesh; Owens, Alyssa N; Broach, John; Barton, Bruce; Lazar, Peter; Henness, Darcy; Young, Todd; Dunnett, Alastair; Robinson, Matthew L; Mostafa, Heba H; Pekosz, Andrew; Manabe, Yukari C; Heetderks, William J; McManus, David D; Brooke, Christopher B.
  • Smith RL; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Gibson LL; Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Martinez PP; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Ke R; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Mirza A; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Conte M; Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Gallagher N; Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Conte A; T-6, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.
  • Wang L; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Fredrickson R; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Edmonson DC; Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Baughman ME; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Chiu KK; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Choi H; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Jensen TW; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Scardina KR; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Bradley S; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Gloss SL; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Reinhart C; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Yedetore J; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Owens AN; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Broach J; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Barton B; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Lazar P; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Henness D; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Young T; Center for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Dunnett A; UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Robinson ML; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Mostafa HH; Division of Biostatistics and Health Services Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Pekosz A; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Manabe YC; Division of Biostatistics and Health Services Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Heetderks WJ; Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • McManus DD; Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  • Brooke CB; Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
J Infect Dis ; 224(6): 976-982, 2021 09 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1288035
Preprint
This scientific journal article is probably based on a previously available preprint. It has been identified through a machine matching algorithm, human confirmation is still pending.
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ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Serial screening is critical for restricting spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by facilitating timely identification of infected individuals to interrupt transmission. Variation in sensitivity of different diagnostic tests at different stages of infection has not been well documented.

METHODS:

In a longitudinal study of 43 adults newly infected with SARS-CoV-2, all provided daily saliva and nasal swabs for quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Quidel SARS Sofia antigen fluorescent immunoassay (FIA), and live virus culture.

RESULTS:

Both RT-qPCR and Quidel SARS Sofia antigen FIA peaked in sensitivity during the period in which live virus was detected in nasal swabs, but sensitivity of RT-qPCR tests rose more rapidly prior to this period. We also found that serial testing multiple times per week increases the sensitivity of antigen tests.

CONCLUSIONS:

RT-qPCR tests are more effective than antigen tests at identifying infected individuals prior to or early during the infectious period and thus for minimizing forward transmission (given timely results reporting). All tests showed >98% sensitivity for identifying infected individuals if used at least every 3 days. Daily screening using antigen tests can achieve approximately 90% sensitivity for identifying infected individuals while they are viral culture positive.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Diagnostic Tests, Routine / COVID-19 Testing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adult / Aged / Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Diagnostic Tests, Routine / COVID-19 Testing / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adult / Aged / Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis