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Neurodegenerative proteinopathies associated with neuroinfections.
Danics, Krisztina; Forrest, Shelley L; Kapas, Istvan; Erber, Irene; Schmid, Susanne; Töro, Klára; Majtenyi, Katalin; Kovacs, Gabor G.
  • Danics K; Department of Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Forrest SL; Neuropathology and Prion Disease Reference Center, Department of Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Kapas I; Dementia Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
  • Erber I; Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
  • Schmid S; Department of Neurology, St. Janos Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Töro K; Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  • Majtenyi K; Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  • Kovacs GG; Department of Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
J Neural Transm (Vienna) ; 128(10): 1551-1566, 2021 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1293380
ABSTRACT
Infectious agents, including viruses and bacteria, are proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). According to this hypothesis, these agents have capacity to evade the host immune system leading to chronic infection, inflammation, and subsequent deposition of Aß and phosphorylated-tau in the brain. Co-existing proteinopathies and age-related pathologies are common in AD and the brains of elderly individuals, but whether these are also related to neuroinfections remain to be established. This study determined the prevalence and distribution of neurodegenerative proteinopathies in patients with infection-induced acute or chronic inflammation associated with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (n = 13) and neurosyphilis (n = 23). The mean age at death in HSV patients was 53 ± 12 years (range 24-65 years) and survival was 9 days-6 years following initial infection. The mean age at death and survival in neurosyphilis patients was 60 ± 15 years (range 36-86 years) and 1-5 years, respectively. Neuronal tau-immunoreactivity and neurites were observed in 8 HSV patients and 19 neurosyphilis patients, and in approximately half of these, this was found in regions associated with inflammation and expanding beyond regions expected from the Braak stage of neurofibrillary degeneration. Five neurosyphilis patients had cortical ageing-related tau astrogliopathy. Aß-plaques were found in 4 HSV patients and 11 neurosyphilis patients. Lewy bodies were observed in one HSV patient and two neurosyphilis patients. TDP-43 pathology was absent. These observations provide insights into deposition of neurodegenerative proteins in neuroinfections, which might have implications for COVID-19 patients with chronic and/or post-infectious neurological symptoms and encephalitis.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Alzheimer Disease / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: J Neural Transm (Vienna) Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S00702-021-02371-7

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Alzheimer Disease / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans / Middle aged / Young adult Language: English Journal: J Neural Transm (Vienna) Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S00702-021-02371-7