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The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Sampaio, Natalia G; Chauveau, Lise; Hertzog, Jonny; Bridgeman, Anne; Fowler, Gerissa; Moonen, Jurgen P; Dupont, Maeva; Russell, Rebecca A; Noerenberg, Marko; Rehwinkel, Jan.
  • Sampaio NG; Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
  • Chauveau L; Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
  • Hertzog J; Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
  • Bridgeman A; Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
  • Fowler G; Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
  • Moonen JP; Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
  • Dupont M; The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK.
  • Russell RA; The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK.
  • Noerenberg M; Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Rehwinkel J; Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK. jan.rehwinkel@imm.ox.ac.uk.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 13638, 2021 07 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1294482
Preprint
This scientific journal article is probably based on a previously available preprint. It has been identified through a machine matching algorithm, human confirmation is still pending.
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ABSTRACT
Human cells respond to infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by producing cytokines including type I and III interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory factors such as IL6 and TNF. IFNs can limit SARS-CoV-2 replication but cytokine imbalance contributes to severe COVID-19. We studied how cells detect SARS-CoV-2 infection. We report that the cytosolic RNA sensor MDA5 was required for type I and III IFN induction in the lung cancer cell line Calu-3 upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Type I and III IFN induction further required MAVS and IRF3. In contrast, induction of IL6 and TNF was independent of the MDA5-MAVS-IRF3 axis in this setting. We further found that SARS-CoV-2 infection inhibited the ability of cells to respond to IFNs. In sum, we identified MDA5 as a cellular sensor for SARS-CoV-2 infection that induced type I and III IFNs.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Interferon Type I / Interferons / Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1 / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-021-92940-3

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Interferon Type I / Interferons / Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1 / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-021-92940-3