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Lactoferrin Against SARS-CoV-2: In Vitro and In Silico Evidences.
Campione, Elena; Lanna, Caterina; Cosio, Terenzio; Rosa, Luigi; Conte, Maria Pia; Iacovelli, Federico; Romeo, Alice; Falconi, Mattia; Del Vecchio, Claudia; Franchin, Elisa; Lia, Maria Stella; Minieri, Marilena; Chiaramonte, Carlo; Ciotti, Marco; Nuccetelli, Marzia; Terrinoni, Alessandro; Iannuzzi, Ilaria; Coppeda, Luca; Magrini, Andrea; Bernardini, Sergio; Sabatini, Stefano; Rosapepe, Felice; Bartoletti, Pier Luigi; Moricca, Nicola; Di Lorenzo, Andrea; Andreoni, Massimo; Sarmati, Loredana; Miani, Alessandro; Piscitelli, Prisco; Valenti, Piera; Bianchi, Luca.
  • Campione E; Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Lanna C; Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Cosio T; Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Rosa L; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
  • Conte MP; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
  • Iacovelli F; Department of Biology, Structural Bioinformatics Group, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  • Romeo A; Department of Biology, Structural Bioinformatics Group, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  • Falconi M; Department of Biology, Structural Bioinformatics Group, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  • Del Vecchio C; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
  • Franchin E; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
  • Lia MS; Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Minieri M; Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Chiaramonte C; Department of Statistics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
  • Ciotti M; Virology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Nuccetelli M; Laboratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Terrinoni A; Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Iannuzzi I; Occupational Medicine Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  • Coppeda L; Occupational Medicine Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  • Magrini A; Occupational Medicine Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  • Bernardini S; Laboratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Sabatini S; Villa dei Pini Hospital, Anzio, Italy.
  • Rosapepe F; Pineta Grande Hospital, Caserta, Italy.
  • Bartoletti PL; Fimmg provincial, Rome, Italy.
  • Moricca N; Villa dei Pini Hospital, Anzio, Italy.
  • Di Lorenzo A; Infectious Disease Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Andreoni M; Infectious Disease Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Sarmati L; Infectious Disease Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Miani A; Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
  • Piscitelli P; UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
  • Valenti P; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
  • Bianchi L; Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Front Pharmacol ; 12: 666600, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1295678
ABSTRACT
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a cationic glycoprotein synthetized by exocrine glands and is present in all human secretions. It is also secreted by neutrophils in infection and inflammation sites. This glycoprotein possesses antimicrobial activity due to its capability to chelate two ferric ions per molecule, as well as to interact with bacterial and viral anionic surface components. The cationic features of Lf bind to cells, protecting the host from bacterial and viral injuries. Its anti-inflammatory activity is mediated by the ability to enter inside the nucleus of host cells, thus inhibiting the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokine genes. In particular, Lf down-regulates the synthesis of IL-6, which is involved in iron homeostasis disorders and leads to intracellular iron overload, favoring viral replication and infection. The well-known antiviral activity of Lf has been demonstrated against DNA, RNA, and enveloped and naked viruses and, therefore, Lf could be efficient in counteracting also SARS-CoV-2 infection. For this purpose, we performed in vitro assays, proving that Lf exerts an antiviral activity against SARS-COV-2 through direct attachment to both SARS-CoV-2 and cell surface components. This activity varied according to concentration (100/500 µg/ml), multiplicity of infection (0.1/0.01), and cell type (Vero E6/Caco-2 cells). Interestingly, the in silico results strongly supported the hypothesis of a direct recognition between Lf and the spike S glycoprotein, which can thus hinder viral entry into the cells. These in vitro observations led us to speculate a potential supplementary role of Lf in the management of COVID-19 patients.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Front Pharmacol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fphar.2021.666600

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Front Pharmacol Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fphar.2021.666600